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. 2017 Jul 6;7:4763. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05133-2

Table 2.

Age-Adjusted Body Mass Index (BMI), Age-Standardized BMI,a Age-Standardized BMI Z-scoresb and Proportion of Overweight and Obesityc Among 957,577 Boys and 941,239 Girls Aged 6 to 18 From 1996 to 2014 in Hong Kong.

Year n % Age-adjusted Age-standardized Age-standardized Overweight Obesity
BMI (kg/m2) BMI (kg/m2) BMI z-score
Mean SD Mean SE Mean SD % %
Boys
1996 77,869 8.13 17.9 1.0 18.3 0.02 0.14 1.38 14.4 4.6
1997 86,890 9.07 18.9 1.6 18.4 0.01 −0.10 1.32 11.6 3.3
1998 57,492 6.00 18.4 1.5 18.5 0.01 0.06 1.36 13.5 4.3
1999 48,965 5.11 18.2 1.4 18.6 0.02 0.14 1.37 14.5 4.8
2000 47,379 4.95 18.2 1.3 18.6 0.02 0.18 1.37 15.0 4.9
2001 47,139 4.92 18.1 1.3 18.7 0.02 0.20 1.37 15.6 4.9
2002 49,116 5.13 18.1 1.3 18.6 0.02 0.19 1.38 15.2 5.1
2003 42,569 4.45 18.2 1.3 18.8 0.02 0.26 1.37 15.9 5.5
2004 45,208 4.72 18.2 1.3 18.8 0.02 0.27 1.37 16.4 5.5
2005 41,653 4.35 18.3 1.3 18.9 0.02 0.30 1.37 16.9 5.6
2006 42,709 4.46 18.3 1.3 18.9 0.02 0.28 1.39 17.0 5.8
2007 41,986 4.38 18.4 1.3 19.0 0.02 0.32 1.38 17.3 6.1
2008 42,254 4.41 18.4 1.3 19.1 0.02 0.37 1.39 17.8 6.8
2009 40,279 4.21 18.2 1.3 19.2 0.02 0.44 1.39 18.7 7.2
2010 34,047 3.56 18.1 1.3 19.2 0.03 0.43 1.40 18.4 7.5
2011 43,531 4.55 18.3 1.4 19.2 0.02 0.40 1.38 18.2 7.0
2012 48,459 5.06 18.1 1.5 19.1 0.02 0.35 1.37 17.3 6.6
2013 58,389 6.10 17.9 1.4 19.2 0.02 0.39 1.37 17.5 6.8
2014 61,643 6.44 17.6 1.3 19.0 0.02 0.34 1.37 15.9 6.5
Girls
1996 70,970 7.54 17.9 1.1 17.9 0.02 −0.15 1.19 10.7 2.5
1997 94,507 10.04 19.2 1.6 18.1 0.01 −0.29 1.10 8.3 1.8
1998 59,055 6.27 18.7 1.6 18.1 0.01 −0.22 1.13 9.3 2.1
1999 47,903 5.09 18.5 1.5 18.1 0.01 −0.18 1.15 10.0 2.3
2000 46,968 4.99 18.4 1.5 18.1 0.01 −0.15 1.14 10.2 2.2
2001 46,558 4.95 18.3 1.4 18.1 0.01 −0.13 1.14 10.5 2.3
2002 47,929 5.09 18.3 1.4 18.1 0.01 −0.13 1.14 10.3 2.3
2003 42,440 4.51 18.4 1.4 18.2 0.02 −0.08 1.14 11.1 2.5
2004 44,391 4.72 18.4 1.4 18.3 0.02 −0.08 1.13 11.0 2.4
2005 42,043 4.47 18.4 1.4 18.3 0.02 −0.07 1.14 11.4 2.4
2006 41,915 4.45 18.5 1.4 18.3 0.02 −0.08 1.14 11.1 2.4
2007 41,219 4.38 18.5 1.4 18.4 0.02 −0.04 1.13 11.8 2.5
2008 41,226 4.38 18.5 1.4 18.5 0.02 0.01 1.13 11.9 2.8
2009 38,416 4.08 18.4 1.4 18.5 0.02 0.05 1.13 12.8 3.1
2010 32,410 3.44 18.2 1.3 18.5 0.02 0.06 1.16 13.4 3.3
2011 41,613 4.42 18.4 1.5 18.5 0.02 0.03 1.13 12.4 3.0
2012 46,945 4.99 18.2 1.5 18.5 0.02 −0.01 1.13 11.9 2.9
2013 56,496 6.00 18.0 1.5 18.5 0.02 0.02 1.12 12.0 2.9
2014 58,235 6.19 17.7 1.4 18.4 0.02 −0.01 1.11 11.1 2.9

Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index, SD: standard deviation; SE: standard error; z-score: standard deviation score. aAge-standardized BMI relative to the 2000 World Health Organization World Population Standard. bMean BMI in z-score relative to the 2007 World Health Organization growth references for 5–19 years: 1 unit change in BMI z-score is approximated to 2.67 kg/m2. cOverweight was defined using the International Obesity Task Force cut-offs as equivalent to an adult BMI of 25 or more; Obesity was defined as equivalent to an adult BMI of 30 or more.