Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| Parameter | CNT (n = 141) | CKD (n = 42) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 59.5 ± 7.7 | 60.1 ± 8.5 | 0.6467 |
| Sex (% male) | 68.1 | 5.7 | 0.0253 |
| BMI (Kg/m2) | 28.0 ± 4.6 | 25.4 ± 3.4 | 0.0002 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 155.2 ± 18.3 | 167.7 ± 21.6 | 0.0003 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 92.3 ± 9.2 | 94.9 ± 15.3 | 0.2987 |
| Hypertension duration (months) | 193 ± 94 | 212 ± 104 | 0.4558 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.0 ± 0.1 | 3.4 ± 1.6 | 0.0001 |
| GFR (mL/min) | 69.0 ± 12.9 | 24.0 ± 13.1 | <.0001 |
| Urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 36.6 ± 9.3 | 94.9 ± 64.0 | <.0001 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.4 ± 1.4 | 7.1 ± 1.8 | <.0001 |
| Proteinuria (g/24 h) | - | 1.3 ± 1.1 | |
| AER (μg/min) | 22.3 ± 45.0 | - | |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 98.9 ± 1.7 | 93.4 ± 2.9 | 0.1188 |
| Sodium (mEq/L) | 140.6 ± 2.4 | 141.1 ± 2.8 | 0.2772 |
| Potassium (mEq/L) | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 4.6 ± 0.5 | <.0001 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 5.2 ± 0.5 | 5.2 ± 0.8 | 0.9838 |
| Phosphate (mg/dL) | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 3.6 ± 1.5 | 0.0019 |
| PTH (pg/mL) | 33.7 ± 16.8 | 114.2 ± 110.6 | <.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 235.3 ± 44.0 | 219.9 ± 50.8 | 0.0563 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 51.9 ± 15.0 | 44.2 ± 13.2 | 0.0032 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 148.1 ± 90.6 | 177.6 ± 69.1 | 0.2840 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 153.7 ± 40.2 | 140.1 ± 46.0 | 0.0892 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 3.9 ± 7.8 | 9.3 ± 11.31 | 0.0044 |
| ACEi or/ARB (%) | 52.5 | 35.7 | 0.0563 |
| Macrovascular events (%) | 12.8 | 54.8 | <.0001 |
ACEi is for ACE inhibitors, AER is for albumin excretion rate, ARB is for AngiotensinII receptor blockers, BMI is for body mass index, CKD is for chronic kidney disease, CNT is for control, CRP is for C-reactive protein, DBP is for diastolic blood pressure, GFR is for glomerular filtration rate, HDL is for high density lipoprotein, LDL is for low density lipoprotein, PTH is for parathormone, SBP is for systolic blood pressure. Macrovascular events include acute myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease, and stroke.