Table 1.
Participants’ characteristics according to their self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) status
| COPD | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
| No (n = 35,284, 96.9%) | Yes (n = 1371, 3.1%) | ||
| Sociodemographics | |||
| Men (n, %) | 15,778 (48.3) | 593 (44.7) | 0.060 |
| Age (mean, SE) | 46.44 (0.17) | 63.31 (0.56) | <0.001 |
| Age ≥ 40 years (n, %) | 22,041 (59.1) | 1312 (94.6) | <0.001 |
| Race/ethnicity (n, %) | <0.001 | ||
| White | 25,367 (74.6) | 1139 (87.5) | |
| Black/African American | 5004 (12.4) | 144 (7.4) | |
| American Indian/Chinese/Filipino/Asian Indian | 1725 (4.6) | 39 (2.4) | |
| Multiple race/other | 3188 (8.3) | 49 (2.7) | |
| Annual family income (n, %) | <0.001 | ||
| <$35,000 | 13,340 (31.4) | 800 (54.8) | |
| $35,000–74,999 | 9758 (30.7) | 323 (31.8) | |
| $75,000–99,999 | 3456 (12.7) | 67 (5.5) | |
| ≥$100,000 | 5880 (25.2) | 68 (7.8) | |
| Lifestyle | |||
| Cigarette-smoking status (n, %) | <0.001 | ||
| Never smoker | 21,550 (62.6) | 275 (21.0) | |
| Former smoker | 7654 (21.2) | 615 (43.8) | |
| Current some day smoker | 1446 (3.9) | 71 (4.4) | |
| Current every day smoker | 4454 (12.3) | 398 (30.8) | |
| Ever smoked other tobacco products (n, %) | 7754 (22.7) | 356 (25.9) | 0.037 |
| Alcohol-drinking status (n, %) | <0.001 | ||
| Lifetime abstainer | 7404 (21.4) | 223 (16.0) | |
| Former drinker | 5099 (12.8) | 477 (36.5) | |
| Current drinker | 22,248 (65.8) | 649 (47.4) | |
| Light/moderate physical activity (n, %) | <0.001 | ||
| Never | 13,472 (38.5) | 744 (56.8) | |
| Unable to do it | 404 (0.9) | 92 (6.8) | |
| <3 times/week | 11,339 (33.8) | 263 (18.8) | |
| 4–7 times/week | 8327 (23.6) | 201 (13.9) | |
| >7 times/week | 1112 (3.3) | 40 (3.7) | |
| Vigorous physical activity (n, %) | <0.001 | ||
| Never | 18,522 (51.2) | 1012 (74.4) | |
| Unable to do it | 615 (1.3) | 116 (8.6) | |
| <3 times/week | 10,549 (31.9) | 146 (11.0) | |
| 4–7 times/week | 4534 (13.6) | 70 (5.1) | |
| >7 times/week | 645 (2.0) | 14 (0.9) | |
| Body mass index (n, %) | <0.001 | ||
| <25.00 kg/m2 | 12,147 (36.3) | 444 (30.9) | |
| 25.00–29.99 kg/m2 | 11,789 (34.6) | 387 (30.1) | |
| ≥30.00 kg/m2 | 10,076 (29.1) | 493 (37.6) | |
| Co-morbidity | |||
| Asthma (n, %) | 4213 (12.0) | 549 (37.3) | <0.001 |
| Emphysema (n, %) | 230 (0.5) | 446 (29.9) | <0.001 |
| Hearing (n, %) | <0.001 | ||
| Excellent hearing | 17,194 (51.5) | 295 (21.9) | |
| Good/little trouble hearing | 15,689 (42.9) | 775 (57.3) | |
| Moderate trouble/lot of trouble hearing | 2295 (5.6) | 294 (20.8) | |
| Occupation | |||
| Occupational group (n, %) | <0.001 | ||
| White-collar workers | 19,031 (60.3) | 588 (47.3) | |
| Service workers | 6155 (18.2) | 259 (19.7) | |
| Blue-collar workers | 7014 (21.4) | 407 (33.0) | |
| Exposure to very loud noise (n, %) | <0.001 | ||
| Never exposed | 26,118 (78.9) | 828 (63.6) | |
| <5 years | 2820 (8.5) | 116 (9.2) | |
| 5–9 years | 1107 (3.1) | 55 (3.6) | |
| 10–14 years | 837 (2.6) | 56 (4.1) | |
| ≥15 years | 2399 (6.9) | 242 (19.5) | |
Reported estimates (except raw number of cases) are weighted to obtain nationally representative estimates. Percentages are reported within columns. Missing cases are not displayed. Data source: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2014.