Table 3.

Association of occupational lifetime exposure to very loud noise with prevalent self-reported chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and emphysema

	COPD (n = 29,867)		Emphysema (n = 29,882)
	Cases (n)	OR (95% CI)	Cases (n)	OR (95% CI)
Duration of exposure
Never exposed	797	1.00	386	1.00
<5 years	109	1.42 (0.98, 2.04)	51	0.83 (0.50, 1.40)
5–9 years	54	1.18 (0.74, 1.87)	23	0.89 (0.44, 1.80)
10–14 years	54	1.20 (0.75, 1.94)	24	0.93 (0.50, 1.72)
≥15 years	231	1.68 (1.28, 2.21)	137	1.61 (1.13, 2.30)

Models are based on weighted logistic regression to obtain nationally representative estimates. Models are adjusted for gender, age, race/ethnicity (white, black/African American, American Indian/Chinese/Filipino/Asian Indian, and multiple race/other), annual family income (<$35,000, $35,000–74,999, $75,000–99,999, and ≥$100,000), cigarette-smoking status (never smoker, former smoker, current some day smoker, and current every day smoker), smoking other tobacco products, alcohol-drinking status (lifetime abstainer, former drinker, and current drinker), light/moderate physical activity (never, unable to do it, <3 times/week, 4–7 times/week, and >7 times/week), vigorous physical activity (never, unable to do it, <3 times/week, 4–7 times/week, and >7 times/week), body mass index (<25.00 kg/m², 25.00–29.99 kg/m², and ≥30.00 kg/m²), asthma, and Standard Occupation Classification major occupation group. Bold coefficients are statistically signification at P < 0.05. Data source: CDC/NCHS, National Health Interview Survey, 2014.