Table 2.
COHIP-ortho scores by question for children with unsure or definite subjective orthodontic treatment need versus no subjective orthodontic treatment need (n=3774)
| COHIP-ortho mean scores per question (mean ± standard deviation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Questions | No subj need | Unsure subj need | Effect sizea | Definite subj need | Effect size a |
| Pain | 4.8 (0.5) | 4.8 (0.5) | 0.02 | 4.8 (0.5) | 0.02 |
| Crooked teeth | 4.8 (0.6) | 4.5 (0.8) | 0.36** | 3.8 (1.2) | 0.98** |
| Discolored teeth | 4.7 (0.7) | 4.6 (0.8) | 0.13** | 4.5 (0.9) | 0.22** |
| Bad breath | 4.5 (0.8) | 4.5 (0.8) | 0.05 | 4.8 (0.9) | 0.07 |
| Bleeding gums | 4.7 (0.6) | 4.7 (0.6) | 0.08* | 4.6 (0.8) | 0.22** |
| Eating foods | 4.9 (0.4) | 4.9 (0.4) | 0.00 | 4.8 (0.5) | 0.15* |
| Anxious | 4.8 (0.6) | 4.7 (0.6) | 0.05 | 4.5 (0.9) | 0.34** |
| Speaking | 5.0 (0.1) | 5.0 (0.2) | 0.00 | 5.0 (0.3) | 0.14** |
| Bullied | 5.0 (0.3) | 5.0 (0.2) | 0.04 | 4.9 (0.4) | 0.15** |
| Attractiveness | 1.8 (1.2) | 1.8 (1.2) | 0.02 | 1.8 (1.1) | 0.00 |
| Pronunciation | 5.0 (0.3) | 5.0 (0.3) | 0.04 | 4.9 (0.5) | 0.16** |
a
Cohens effect size (d) for differences between either No subjective need and borderline subjective need or No subjective need and definite subjective need. p values are based on Mann Whitney U test for differences in mean scores * ≤ 0.05, **≤ 0.001