Additional file 1:
Video S1. A patient with a 1.0-cm-diameter lesion on the left bladder wall underwent RERBT. Initially, macroscopic normal mucosa about 0.5 cm away from the tumor base was margined by using coagulation current. Blood vessels entering the tumor were blocked before resection to reduce intraoperative hemorrhage. Conventional monopolar electrode loop was used to push the bladder wall. After applying gentle pressure, the bladder mucosa was cut in a “flash-firing” fashion, which we called a “small bite.” When the deep muscle layer was reached, usually after one or two “small bites,” the loop was moved forward along the muscle layer using the same “small bite” cutting technique, the base of the tumor was then lifted and pushed away step by step, and the tumor was resected in one piece retrogradely. (AVI 34285 kb)