Table 2.
Differences in the recognition of families between JS Nelson, T Grande and MVH Wilson's (NGW [42]) and R Van Der Laan, WN Eschmeyer and R Fricke's(vdLE [62]) classifications and the update proposed herein. Taxa are listed in alphabetic order. NEL: [41]
| Family | Differences with NGW | Differences with vdLE | Justification/Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| “Cyclopsettidae” | Provisionally recognized as “Cyclopsettidae” herein | Provisionally recognized as “Cyclopsettidae” herein | Awaits formal description; see [259] |
| “Pantanodontidae” | Provisionally recognized as “Pantanodontidae” herein | Provisionally recognized as “Pantanodontidae” herein | Awaits formal description; see [283] |
| “Percalatidae” | Provisionally recognized as “Percalatidae” herein | Provisionally recognized as “Percalatidae” herein | Awaits formal description; see text |
| “Percophidae” | Provisionally recognized as “Percophidae” herein | Provisionally recognized as “Percophidae” herein | Awaits formal description; lineage in Pempheriformes not related to Percophidae (Perciformes); see also [242] |
| “Rivulidae” | Provisionally recognized as “Rivulidae” herein; Rivulidae in NGW | _ | The name Rivulidae is preoccupied in Lepidoptera (see vdLE) |
| Abyssocottidae | _ | Synonym of Cottidae herein | Following [345] |
| Acheilognathidae | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in NGW | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in vdLE | Following [102] |
| Achiropsettidae | Synonym of Rhombosoleidae herein | Synonym of Rhombosoleidae herein | Lumped due to phylogenetic nestedness [e.g., 259] |
| Anotopteridae | Synonym of Paralepididae in NGW | _ | Following [216] |
| Aphyonidae | Synonym of Bythitidae herein | Synonym of Bythitidae herein | Following [231] |
| Apistidae | Subfamily of Scorpaenidae in NGW | _ | Following vdLE and [231] |
| Arapaimidae | _ | Synomym of Osteoglossidae herein | Following [161] |
| Atherionidae | Synonym (subfamily) of Atherinopsidae herein | _ | Following [274] |
| Bathygadidae | _ | Synonym (subfamily) of Macrouridae in vdLE | Following [223] |
| Bathylaconidae | Synonym of Alepocephalidae herein | _ | Following vdLE |
| Bathylutichthyidae | Synonym of Psychrolutidae herein | Synonym of Psychrolutidae herein | Following [345] |
| Bathysauropsidae | Subfamily of Ipnopidae in NGW | _ | Following [216] |
| Bedotiidae | Subfamily of Melanotaeniidae in NGW | _ | Following . [274] and vdLE |
| Bembropidae | Subfamily of Percophidae in NGW | Subfamily of Percophidae in vdLE | Following [58] |
| Botiidae | _ | Subfamily of Cobitidae in vdLE | Following [102, 185] |
| Bryconidae | Subfamily of Characidae in NGW | _ | Following [83, 101] and vdLE |
| Butidae | _ | Subfamily of Eleotridae in vdLE | Following [241, 242] |
| Caesionidae | Synonym of Lutjanidae herein | Synonym of Lutjanidae herein | Lumped due to phylogenetic nestedness |
| Carapidae | Synonym of Ophidiidae herein | Synonym of Ophidiidae herein | Lumped due to phylogenetic nestedness |
| Centracanthidae | _ | Synonym of Sparidae herein | Following [92, 298] |
| Chalceidae | Omitted by NGW and NEL | _ | Following [83, 101] and vdLE |
| Cheimarrichthyidae | Spelled Cheimarrhichthyidae in NGW | _ | Following vdLE |
| Colocongridae | Synomym of Derichthyidae in NGW | Synomym of Derichthyidae herein | Following [158] |
| Comephoridae | _ | Synonym of Cottidae herein | Following [345] |
| Congrogadidae | Subfamily of Pseudochromidae in NGW | Subfamily of Pseudochromidae in vdLE | Following our results and [268] |
| Cottocomephoridae | _ | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in NGW | Following [345] |
| Danionidae | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in NGW | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in vdLE | Following [102] |
| Datnioididae | Synonym of Lobotidae in NGW | _ | Following [92] |
| Dinematichthyidae | Synonym of Brosmophycinae, a subfamily of Bythitidae in NGW | _ | Following [231] |
| Dussumieriidae | _ | Synonym of Clupeidae herein | Following [171] |
| Elassomatidae | Subfamily of Centrarchidae in NGW | _ | Following vdLE and our results |
| Ereuniidae | _ | Synonym of Rhamphocottidae herein | Following [345] |
| Eulophiidae | _ | Synonym of Zoarcidae in vdLE | Following [344] |
| Gaidropsaridae | Subfamily of Gadidae in NGW | Subfamily of Lotidae in vdLE | Formerly a subfamily of Lotidae; raised to family level in version 3 |
| Gastromyzontidae | _ | Subfamily of Balitoridae in vdLE | Following [102, 186] |
| Girellidae | Subfamily of Kyphosidae in NGW | Subfamily of Kyphosidae in vdLE | Following our results and several recent studies [186, 321, 324, 325, 327] |
| Gobionellidae | _ | Junior synonym of Oxudercidae | See NGW |
| Gobionidae | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in NGW | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in vdLE | Following [102] |
| Hapalogenyidae | Spelled Hapalogeniidae in NGW | _ | See vdLE and [92] |
| Hemerocoetidae | Subfamily of Percophidae in NGW | Subfamily of Percophidae in vdLE | Following [242] |
| Hemitripteridae | _ | Synonym of Agonidae herein | Following [345] |
| Iguanodectidae | Subfamily of Characidae in NGW | _ | Following [83, 101] |
| Jordaniidae | _ | Subfamily of Cottidae in vdLE | Following [345] |
| Kraemeriidae | _ | Synonym of Gobiidae herein | Following [241, 242] |
| Kryptoglanidae | Synonym of Siluridae in NGW | _ | Following vdLE and [345] |
| Latidae | Synonym of Centropomidae herein | Synonym of Centropomidae herein | Following [82, 262] |
| Leptobarbidae | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in NGW | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in vdLE | Following [102] |
| Leptobramidae | Omitted by NGW; listed in erratum | _ | _ |
| Leptochilichthyidae | _ | Synomym of Alepocephalidae herein | Following [173, 174] |
| Lestidiidae | _ | Tribe of Paralepididae in vdLE | Following [217] and NGW |
| Leuciscidae | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in NGW | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in vdLE | Following [102] |
| Lotidae | _ | Synonym of Gadidae herein | Following NGW |
| Macroramphosidae | Synonym (subfamily) of Centriscidae herein | _ | Following vdLE |
| Macruronidae | _ | Synonym of Merlucciinae in vdLE | Following [223] |
| Microdesmidae | _ | Synonym of Gobiidae herein | Following [241, 242] |
| Microcanthidae | Subfamily of Kyphosidae in NGW | Subfamily of Kyphosidae in vdLE | Following several recent studies [186, 321, 324, 325, 327] |
| Milyeringidae | _ | Subfamily of Eleotridae in vdLE | Following [241, 242] |
| Neosebastidae | Subfamily of Scorpaenidae in NGW | _ | Following vdLE |
| Niphonidae | Tribe of Serranidae in NGW | Synonym of Serranidae in vdLE | Following [58] |
| Notocheiridae | Subfamily of Atherinopsidae herein | Subfamily of Atherinopsidae herein | Following [274] |
| Odacidae | Synonym of Labridae herein | Synonym of Labridae herein | Lumped due to phylogenetic nestedness |
| Olyridae | _ | Synomym of Bagridae herein | Following [198] |
| Omosudidae | Synonym of Alepisauridae in NGW | _ | Following [216] |
| Ostracoberycidae | Omitted by NGW; valid in NEL | _ | Following vdLE |
| Oxudercidae | _ | Subfamily of Gobiidae in vdLE | Following [241, 242] |
| Paedocyprididae | Synonym of Danioninae in NGW | Synonym of Danioninae in vdLE | Following [81, 102] |
| Parabembridae | Synonym of Bembridae in NGW | _ | Following vdLE and [357] |
| Parabrotulidae | Synonym of Bythitidae herein | Synonym of Bythitidae herein | Following [232] |
| Paralichthodidae | _ | Subfamily of Pleuronectidae in vdLE | Following [265, 266] |
| Parascorpididae | Omitted by NGW; subfamily of Kyphosidae in NEL | _ | Following vdLE |
| Perciliidae | Synonym of Percichthyidae herein | Synonym of Percichthyidae herein | Lumped due to phylogenetic nestedness |
| Perryenidae | Not recognized by NGW; Perryena listed under Congiopodidae | _ | Following [339] |
| Phractolaemidae | _ | Synomym of Kneriidae herein | Following [21] |
| Phycidae | Subfamily of Gadidae in NGW | _ | Following [223] |
| Plectrogeniidae | Subfamily of Scorpaenidae in NGW | _ | Following [336] and vdLE |
| Poecilopsettidae | _ | Subfamily of Pleuronectidae in vdLE | Following [265, 266] |
| Polynemidae | Omitted by NGW; listed in erratum | _ | _ |
| Prototroctidae | Synonym (subfamily) of Retropinnidae herein | _ | Following vdLE |
| Pseudomugilidae | Subfamily of Melanotaeniidae in NGW | _ | Following [274] and vdLE |
| Psilorhynchidae | _ | Synonym of Labeoninae in vdLE | Following [102] |
| Ranicipitidae | _ | Synonym (tribe) of Gadidae in vdLE | Following [223] |
| Rhombosoleidae | _ | Subfamily of Pleuronectidae in vdLE | Following [265, 266] |
| Scaridae | Synonym of Labridae herein | Synonym of Labridae herein | Lumped due to phylogenetic nestedness (e.g., [267]) |
| Schindleriidae | _ | Synonym of Gobiidae herein | Following [241, 242] |
| Scomberesocidae | Synonym of Belonidae herein | Synonym of Belonidae herein | Lumped due to phylogenetic nestedness (e.g., [279]) |
| Scorpaenichthyidae | _ | Subfamily of Cottidae in vdLE | Following [345] |
| Scorpididae | Subfamily of Kyphosidae in NGW | Subfamily of Kyphosidae in vdLE | Following several recent studies [186, 321, 324, 325, 327] |
| Sebastidae | Subfamily of Scorpaenidae in NGW | _ | Following vdLE |
| Setarchidae | Subfamily of Scorpaenidae in NGW | _ | Following vdLE |
| Sinipercidae | _ | Subfamily of Percichthyidae in vdLE | Following [317] |
| Steindachneriidae | _ | Subfamily of Merlucciidae in vdLE | Following [223] |
| Sudidae | _ | Synonym of Paralepididae in vdLE | Following [216] |
| Sundadanionidae | Synonym of Danioninae in NGW | Synonym of Danioninae in vdLE | Following [102] |
| Sundasalangidae | _ | Synomym of Clupeidae herein | Following [171] |
| Symphysanodontidae | Omitted by NGW; valid in NEL | _ | Following vdLE |
| Synanceiidae | Subfamily of Scorpaenidae in NGW | _ | Following vdLE |
| Tanichthyidae | Synonym of Danioninae in NGW | Synonym of Xenocypridinae in vdLE | Following [102] |
| Telmatherinidae | Subfamily of Melanotaeniidae in NGW | _ | Following [274] and vdLE |
| Tetrarogidae | Subfamily of Scorpaenidae in NGW | _ | Following vdLE |
| Tincidae | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in NGW | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in vdLE | Following [102] |
| Trachyrincidae | _ | Synonym (subfamily) of Macrouridae in vdLE | Following [223] |
| Triportheidae | Synonym of Iguanodectinae, a subfamily of Characidae in NGW | _ | Following [83, 101] |
| Xenisthmidae | _ | Synonym of Eleotridae herein | Following [241, 242] |
| Xenocyprididae | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in NGW | Subfamily of Cyprinidae in vdLE | Following [102] |
| Zanclorhynchidae | Synonym of Congiopodidae in NGW | _ | Following vdLE |
| Zaniolepididae | _ | Subfamily of Hexagrammidae in vdLE | Following [345] |