(A) Representative photomicrographs of the abdominal aorta stained by Von Kossa staining (original magnification, × 17 and × 100). (B) The percentage of calcified area was calculated as the ratio of the Von Kossa positive area versus the total tissue area. (C) Representative photomicrographs of immunohistochemistry for RUNX2 (original magnification, × 200) are shown. (D) Representative immunoblot images and the quantification of RUNX2 expression are shown. GAPDH was used as the loading control. The results are expressed as percentage of control. Results are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 5 for LP, low protein group; n = 5 for adenine group; n = 6 for AG10, adenine-gemigliptin [10mg/kg] group; n = 6 for AG20; adenine-gemigliptin [20mg/kg] group). RUNX2, runt-related transcription factor-2. *P<0.5, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.001 compared with LP group, and #P<0.5, ###P<0.001 compared with adenine group.