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. 2017 Jul 7;7:4862. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05072-y

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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The model of effects of CCM111 in macrophage cells. (a) LPS induces the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB pathway and up-regulates IL-6 to activate the STAT3 pathway. The activation of the STAT3 and NF-κB pathways results in the enhancement of inflammatory responses. (b) CCM111 significantly suppresses the STAT3 pathway through inhibiting the phosphorylation of STAT3 and Tyk2, and it suppresses the NF-κB pathway by inhibiting the nuclear translocation of p65 to repress LPS-induced inflammatory responses.