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. 2017 Apr 11;74(16):2999–3009. doi: 10.1007/s00018-017-2511-3

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 3 — Role of vinculin in polarized cell migration. Vinculin is involved in many steps of cell migration. Its interaction with the Arp2/3 complex at nascent focal adhesions in the leading edge promotes protrusion of the membrane. During traction force generation, vinculin links integrins to the actin cytoskeleton and bears the forces exerted during motility. Lastly, vinculin interaction with PIP₂ induces a conformation change that reduces vinculin interaction with actin, thereby promoting the disassembly of focal adhesions. PM plasma membrane, ECM extracellular matrix

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