Table 2.

Trial design.

Study	Patients included	Intervention group	Control group	Duration	Measurement times
Fioravanti [46]	51a	METABO app, chatting and message function with HCPb	Usual care	1 month	Baseline and 1 month
Kim [47]	70c	Mobile smartcare app, weekly feedback from HCP, warnings when hypos registered, and reminders	Matched controls from electronic medical records	3 months	Baseline and 3 months
Logan [48]	110	Real-time self-management messages based on care paths of averages of transmitted blood pressure readings	Tele monitoring without messages	12 months	Baseline and 12 months
Takenga [49]	40	MobilDiab app, feedback and messages from HCP	Usual care	2 months	Baseline and 2 months
Waki [50]	54	Dialbetics app, feedback based on patient data and guidelines	Usual care	3 months	Baseline and 3 months
Zhou [51]	100	Welltang app, weekly feedback, and upon patient-request	Usual care, monthly	3 months	Baseline and 3 months

^aIncluded N=54, numbers given for N=51 completers.

^bHCP: health care personnel.

^cIncluded N=73, numbers given for N=70 completers.