Table 2.
Parent Perceptions of Participation Difficulty in Community Activities According to Child-Related Factors
| Child Factors | N | Neighborhood Outings (%)
|
Community-sponsored Activities (%)
|
Recreation & Leisure (%)
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mall/store | Grocery | Restaurant | Movie | Event | Worship | Library | Vacation | Park | ||
| Total | 1,509 | 13.5 | 10.5 | 11.1 | 13.9 | 27.5 | 11.7 | 11.4 | 10.0 | 4.8 |
| Age | * | * | ||||||||
| 56–65 months | 523 | 11.3 | 8.8 | 8.8 | 10.5 | 25.2 | 9.0 | 10.3 | 8.6 | 3.1 |
| 66–78 months | 943 | 14.2 | 10.7 | 11.8 | 15.3 | 28.6 | 12.8 | 11.6 | 10.3 | 5.7 |
| 79–86 months | 43 | 25.6 | 25.6 | 23.3 | 25.6 | 30.2 | 20.9 | 20.9 | 20.9 | 4.7 |
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Male | 934 | 13.6 | 10.9 | 11.2 | 14.2 | 28.1 | 13.0 | 12.3 | 10.7 | 5.0 |
| Female | 575 | 13.4 | 9.7 | 10.8 | 13.4 | 26.6 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 8.9 | 4.3 |
| Race/ethnicity | * | |||||||||
| White | 905 | 12.4 | 9.3 | 10.2 | 12.6 | 21.1 | 10.6 | 9.7 | 9.2 | 3.5 |
| Black | 238 | 13.4 | 11.8 | 10.1 | 12.2 | 31.1 | 12.2 | 15.1 | 12.6 | 8.0 |
| Hispanic | 235 | 19.1 | 14.5 | 15.7 | 17.9 | 46.4 | 15.3 | 15.7 | 11.1 | 6.4 |
| Other | 129 | 11.6 | 9.3 | 10.9 | 19.4 | 31.0 | 12.4 | 8.5 | 9.3 | 4.7 |
| Eligibility | ||||||||||
| Delay | 960 | 14.5 | 11.6 | 12.3 | 13.4 | 28.3 | 12.1 | 11.8 | 10.3 | 4.5 |
| Diagnosis | 320 | 12.2 | 10.3 | 9.4 | 15.3 | 25.3 | 10.9 | 12.8 | 9.7 | 6.3 |
| At risk | 229 | 11.4 | 6.1 | 8.3 | 14.0 | 27.1 | 11.4 | 7.9 | 9.2 | 3.9 |
| Move Arms/hands | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | |||
| Not well | 274 | 23.0 | 17.9 | 14.6 | 21.9 | 28.1 | 17.5 | 18.2 | 17.5 | 8.0 |
| Well | 1,235 | 11.4 | 8.8 | 10.3 | 12.1 | 27.4 | 10.4 | 9.9 | 8.3 | 4.0 |
| Move Legs/feet | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
| Not well | 261 | 26.1 | 21.8 | 19.5 | 24.5 | 32.6 | 19.5 | 18.8 | 20.3 | 11.5 |
| Well | 1,248 | 10.9 | 8.1 | 9.3 | 11.7 | 26.4 | 10.1 | 9.9 | 7.9 | 3.4 |
| Speech | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | |
| Very easy | 620 | 7.7 | 4.8 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 25.8 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 3.5 |
| Fairly easy | 456 | 11.4 | 9.9 | 10.7 | 12.3 | 23.5 | 11.4 | 9.4 | 9.4 | 3.5 |
| Not easy | 433 | 24.0 | 19.2 | 18.5 | 26.1 | 34.2 | 19.2 | 20.1 | 15.2 | 7.9 |
| Spoon | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | |
| Not well | 208 | 29.3 | 25.0 | 26.9 | 35.6 | 46.2 | 28.4 | 27.4 | 25.0 | 12.5 |
| Well | 1,301 | 11.0 | 8.1 | 8.5 | 10.5 | 24.5 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 7.6 | 3.5 |
| Cup | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | |
| Not well | 66 | 34.8 | 33.3 | 33.3 | 47.0 | 43.9 | 30.3 | 25.8 | 28.8 | 13.6 |
| Well | 1,443 | 12.5 | 9.4 | 10.0 | 12.4 | 26.7 | 10.9 | 10.7 | 9.1 | 4.4 |
| Bladder | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | ||
| Not well | 160 | 35.0 | 31.9 | 34.4 | 40.0 | 36.3 | 33.1 | 30.6 | 28.1 | 16.9 |
| Well | 1,349 | 11.0 | 7.9 | 8.3 | 10.8 | 26.5 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 7.9 | 3.3 |
| Bowel | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | |
| Not well | 158 | 36.1 | 31.6 | 33.5 | 39.2 | 40.5 | 32.9 | 28.5 | 25.9 | 15.2 |
| Well | 1,351 | 10.9 | 8.0 | 8.4 | 11.0 | 26.0 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 8.1 | 3.6 |
| Avoids Danger | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | |
| Not well | 315 | 35.9 | 28.6 | 29.8 | 34.3 | 40.6 | 33.0 | 30.5 | 25.4 | 10.2 |
| Well | 1,194 | 7.6 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 8.5 | 24.0 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 3.4 |
| Friendships | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | * | |
| No Trouble | 381 | 29.1 | 21.8 | 25.7 | 31.5 | 39.9 | 28.1 | 28.3 | 21.8 | 10.0 |
| Has trouble | 1,128 | 8.2 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 8.0 | 23.3 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 3.0 |
Cell values are row percentages showing the proportion of respondents who reported yes to experiencing difficulty with the specified community activity.
*
indicates p < .0069, which is the significance threshold obtained from adjusting for the false discovery rate across all comparisons in Tables 2–4 with an initial alpha = .01.
Bold indicates |standardized residual| > 2.