. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 2017 Jan 10;26(4):611–618. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2016.09.059

Table 2.

Quantitative results for flexion-extension joint mechanics: range of motion limits and stiffness values (average ± standard deviation; *different from control; bolded values = different from contralateral limb; p < 0.05).

	Maximum Limits (°)		Stiffness (N-mm/°)

	Extension	Flexion	Extension	Flexion

Control (n = 9)	33.6 ± 7.4	132.2 ± 13.6	0.70 ± 0.47	0.91 ± 0.38
Sham (n = 7)	44.8 ± 4.1	130.0 ± 9.7	0.70 ± 0.30	0.83 ± 0.30
Sham CL (n = 7)	33.8 ± 9.3	137.4 ± 12.2	0.85 ± 0.45	0.78 ± 0.19
Injury I (n = 10)	52.5 ± 10.2*	132.0 ± 12.4	0.82 ± 0.41	0.77 ± 0.17
Injury I CL (n = 9)	27.2 ± 7.0	131.6 ± 20.9	0.80 ± 0.21	0.72 ± 0.27
Injury II (n = 10)	55.2 ± 11.6*	130.5 ± 11.9	0.68 ± 0.24	0.76 ± 0.13
Injury II CL (n = 9)	28.2 ± 5.31	133.6 ± 11.9	0.71 ± 0.24	0.71 ± 0.26