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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Lung Cancer. 2017 Mar 29;108:173–182. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2017.03.017

Table 2.

Comparison of overall survival (OS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) by treatment, clinical, and demographic covariates for patients with stage III NSCLC treated with chemoradiation. Hazard ratios are determined from multivariate Royston-Parmar flexible parametric models.

OS CSS
Hazard Ratio P Adjusted P* Hazard Ratio P Adjusted P*
Chemoradiation sequence
 Concurrent-alone Reference Reference
 Concurrent-consolidation 0.85 0.006 0.04 0.87 0.03 0.12
Chemoradiation regimen
 Carboplatin-paclitaxel Reference Reference
 Cisplatin-etoposide 1.07 0.40 0.63 1.04 0.68 0.88
 Carboplatin-docetaxel 1.02 0.88 0.94 1.04 0.75 0.88
 Carboplatin-etoposide 1.28 0.12 0.36 1.29 0.13 0.36
 Carboplatin-gemcitabine 1.92 0.27 0.48 1.36 0.67 0.88
Age 1.01 0.06 0.24 1.01 0.03 0.12
Gender
 Male Reference Reference
 Female 0.92 0.17 0.38 0.96 0.59 0.87
Race
 White Reference Reference
 Black 0.91 0.45 0.64 0.88 0.32 0.61
 Hispanic 0.82 0.27 0.48 0.93 0.69 0.88
 Other 0.96 0.78 0.94 0.98 0.89 0.94
Marital status
 Unmarried Reference Reference
 Married 1.09 0.19 0.40 1.15 0.05 0.16
Educational attainment of area (≥4 years college)
 1st quartile Reference Reference
 2nd quartile 0.96 0.67 0.90 0.97 0.76 0.88
 3rd quartile 0.95 0.58 0.81 0.96 0.71 0.88
 4th quartile 1.05 0.69 0.90 1.03 0.78 0.88
Median income of area
 1st quartile Reference Reference
 2nd quartile 1.11 0.20 0.41 1.13 0.19 0.43
 3rd quartile 1.21 0.05 0.22 1.27 0.020 0.11
 4th quartile 1.03 0.82 0.94 1.07 0.59 0.87
Modified Charlson comorbidity
 0 Reference Reference
 1 1.10 0.16 0.38 1.06 0.43 0.75
 2 1.17 0.17 0.38 1.08 0.53 0.87
 ≥3 1.17 0.29 0.49 1.21 0.22 0.48
Performance score proxy
 0 Reference Reference
 1 0.98 0.90 0.94 0.98 0.91 0.94
 ≥2 1.04 0.84 0.94 1.13 0.56 0.87
COPD
 No Reference Reference
 Yes 1.00 0.95 0.97 1.04 0.62 0.88
Home oxygen use
 No Reference Reference
 Yes 1.17 0.17 0.38 1.01 0.92 0.94
Tumor size
 ≤2 cm Reference Reference
 2.1–3 cm 1.02 0.85 0.94 1.05 0.70 0.88
 3.1–5 cm 1.26 0.040 0.22 1.33 0.020 0.11
 5.1–7 cm 1.17 0.21 0.42 1.20 0.16 0.39
 ≥7 cm 1.57 0.0006 0.007 1.66 0.0004 0.005
Nodal status
 N0 Reference Reference
 N1 1.30 0.11 0.36 1.37 0.06 0.20
 N2 1.18 0.06 0.24 1.14 0.17 0.39
 N3 1.35 0.005 0.04 1.37 0.007 0.05
Histology
 Adenocarcinoma Reference Reference
 Squamous cell 1.02 0.76 0.94 0.98 0.77 0.88
 Other 0.99 0.88 0.94 1.00 0.99 0.99
Diagnostic PET done
 No Reference Reference
 Yes 0.90 0.08 0.30 0.85 0.02 0.11
Brain CT/MR done
 No Reference Reference
 Yes 1.09 0.15 0.38 1.05 0.45 0.76
Invasive mediastinal staging performed
 No Reference Reference
 Yes 0.84 0.01 0.08 0.85 0.03 0.12
Radiation type
 IMRT Reference Reference
 3D-CRT 0.93 0.42 0.91 0.91 0.33 0.61
Radiation facility type
 Freestanding center Reference Reference
 Hospital-based center 1.06 0.44 0.64 1.09 0.29 0.60
 Hospital-based NCI center 0.94 0.36 0.59 0.99 0.91 0.94
Area radiation oncologist density
 1st quartile Reference Reference
 2nd quartile 1.00 0.97 0.97 0.91 0.34 0.61
 3rd quartile 0.90 0.26 0.48 0.86 0.12 0.35
 4th quartile 0.88 0.16 0.38 0.81 0.03 0.12
*

Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted p values.

Abbreviations: HR = hazard ratio; 3D-CRT = 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy; IMRT = intensity-modulated radiation therapy; ET = positron emission tomography; NCI = National Cancer Institute.