Table 2.

Detailed life cycle stages of building materials classification based on European standards.

LCA Boundaries			Life Cycle Stages/LCA Information Modules	Life Cycle Stage Designation and Description
Cradle to cradle	Cradle to grave	Cradle to gate	Product stage (A1–A3)	A1—raw material extraction and processing, processing of secondary material input; A2—transport to the manufacturer; A3—manufacturing
		Gate to grave	Construction process stage (A4–A5)	A4—transport to the building site A5—installation in the building
			Use stage—information modules related to the building fabric (B1–B5)	B1—use or application of the installed product; B2—maintenance; B3—repair; B4—replacement; B5—refurbishment
			Use stage—information modules related to the operation of the building (B6–B7)	B6—operational energy use B7—operational water use
			End-of-life stage (C1–C4)	C1—de-construction, demolition; C2—transport to waste processing; C3—waste processing for reuse, recovery and/or recycling (3R); C4—disposal
			Benefits and loads beyond the system boundary (D)	D—reuse, recovery and/or recycling (3R) potential