Proposed model for NiV-M trafficking and host protein interactions. Schematic showing a proposed model summarizing NiV-M interactions with host proteins and pathways including (1) cNLS-dependent nuclear import via interaction with importin α [33,34], (2) nucleolar targeting, putatively via interaction with UBF [34], (3) ubiquitin modification within the cNLS motif (by a currently unknown E3 ligase) [33,34], (4) NES-dependent nuclear export involving interaction with Crm1 and ANP32B [33,66], (5) membrane association and trafficking to the plasma membrane via interaction with the AP3 complex [79], and (6) recruitment and assembly of the viral nucleocapsid and glycoproteins to drive budding from the plasma membrane (by a currently unknown mechanism) [84].