Table 1.
Demographic Characteristics for Children Enrolled in the Greater Cincinnati Asthma Risks Study Between August 2010 and October 2011
| Characteristic | No. (%) | No. Missing | Standardized Mean Differences | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| African American (n = 441) |
White (n = 254) |
African American | White | Before IPTW | After IPTW | |
| Biological Variables | ||||||
| Age, median (IQR), y | 5.9 (3.2–9.3) | 4.8 (2.4–8.3) | 0 | 0 | 0.156 | 0.071 |
| Male | 281 (64) | 169 (67) | 0 | 0 | 0.059 | 0.053 |
| Allergen sensitization, IgE≥0.35 kU/L | ||||||
| Alternaria alternata/A tenuis | 197 (51) | 69 (31) | 57 | 30 | 0.426 | 0.509 |
| Aspergillus fumigatus | 195 (52) | 49 (22) | 64 | 33 | 0.643 | 0.664 |
| American cockroach | 101 (26) | 25 (11) | 59 | 32 | 0.396 | 0.147 |
| Mouse epithelium | 42 (11) | 43 (19) | 59 | 32 | 0.235 | 0.413 |
| Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus | 180 (47) | 78 (35) | 58 | 29 | 0.253 | 0.125 |
| Dermatophagoides farinae | 195 (51) | 75 (33) | 57 | 28 | 0.362 | 0.253 |
| Cat dander | 131 (34) | 123 (55) | 58 | 29 | 0.421 | 0.471 |
| Dog dander | 187 (49) | 133 (59) | 56 | 28 | 0.207 | 0.345 |
| Any indoor allergen sensitization | 260 (67) | 152 (67) | 54 | 26 | 0.011 | 0.161 |
| Ragweed | 139 (37) | 55 (25) | 65 | 35 | 0.258 | 0.099 |
| White oak | 155 (41) | 55 (25) | 62 | 32 | 0.349 | 0.081 |
| Any outdoor allergen sensitization | 170 (45) | 67 (30) | 62 | 30 | 0.313 | 0.009 |
| Environmental Exposure Variables | ||||||
| Reported in-home exposures | ||||||
| Mold or mildew | 72 (17) | 36 (14) | 9 | 0 | 0.069 | 0.081 |
| Water leaks | 119 (27) | 50 (20) | 6 | 0 | 0.182 | 0.135 |
| Cockroaches | 71 (16) | 12 (5) | 5 | 0 | 0.384 | 0.306 |
| Rodents | 27 (6) | 32 (13) | 5 | 0 | 0.221 | 0.297 |
| Cracks or holes in the walls or ceiling | 112 (26) | 41 (16) | 8 | 3 | 0.235 | 0.081 |
| In-home carpet | 310 (71) | 189 (74) | 4 | 0 | 0.078 | 0.102 |
| In-home furry pets | 146 (33) | 182 (72) | 2 | 0 | 0.833 | 0.762 |
| No reported in-home exposures | 253 (58) | 158 (62) | 3 | 0 | 0.091 | 0.042 |
| Salivary cotinine above level of detection | 355 (87) | 161 (71) | 34 | 27 | 0.409 | 0.042 |
| Traffic-related pollution above sample median | 254 (58) | 92 (38) | 0 | 15 | 0.390 | 0.038 |
| Disease-management variables | ||||||
| ≥1 Night away from home per wk | 168 (38) | 63 (25) | 3 | 1 | 0.292 | 0.143 |
| Run out or no medications on hand | 207 (52) | 70 (33) | 41 | 41 | 0.390 | 0.101 |
| Access to Care Variables | ||||||
| Health insurance | ||||||
| Public or self-pay | 394 (90) | 141 (56) | 5 | 4 | 0.929 | 0.376 |
| Private | 42 (10) | 109 (44) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Owns vehicle | 267 (61) | 230 (91) | 3 | 0 | 0.736 | 0.148 |
| Primary care access score | ||||||
| <75 | 146 (34) | 46 (19) | 16 | 14 | 0.348 | 0.173 |
| 75–99 | 185 (44) | 130 (54) | 0 | 0 | ||
| 100 | 94 (22) | 64 (27) | 0 | 0 | ||
| Family Socioeconomic Hardship Variables | ||||||
| Annual income < $15 000 per person | 395 (91) | 169 (68) | 6 | 6 | 0.585 | 0.031 |
| Caregiver with high school or less education | 205 (48) | 94 (38) | 17 | 9 | 0.202 | 0.035 |
| Any reported financial hardship | 346 (79) | 147 (58) | 1 | 0 | 0.458 | 0.010 |
| Any reported social hardship | 351 (80) | 145 (57) | 2 | 0 | 0.508 | 0.036 |
| Owns home | 44 (10) | 107 (42) | 1 | 1 | 0.790 | 0.109 |
| Caregiver single, never married | 360 (82) | 94 (37) | 1 | 0 | 1.026 | 0.099 |
Abbreviations: IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting; IQR, interquartile range.