Table 5.
Enzymes activities and relative mRNA expression levels in livers from rats fed experimental diets for 4 weeks
| Experiment 1 | Experiment 2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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|
|
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| CAS | WFP | RFP | CAS+C | WFP+C | RFP+C | |
| Enzyme activity (nmol/min/mg protein) | ||||||
| CPT-2 | 1.46±0.23 | 1.38±0.44 | 1.32±0.22 | 1.37±0.08 | 1.15±0.46 | 0.70±0.16 |
| ACOX | 2.17±0.47 | 3.06±0.32 | 2.23±0.60 | 1.90±0.12b | 1.72±0.24ab | 1.08±0.15a |
| FAS | 1.39±0.17AB | 1.20±0.15A | 1.97±0.21B | 1.35±0.13 | 1.26±0.05 | 1.25±0.07 |
| ACC | 56.8±5.2A | 55.8±8.2A | 91.7±10.1B | 66.5±4.8 | 84.6±10.9 | 97.6±5.4 |
| G6PDH | 10.8±0.9A | 12.5±1.7AB | 24.4±5.4B | 4.5±0.2a | 3.8±0.2a | 7.5±1.1b |
| ME | 9.7±1.1A | 16.2±.4AB | 21.8±2.2B | 4.2±0.3 | 4.4±0.3 | 4.9±0.2 |
| mRNA expression level (arbitrary units) | ||||||
| ABCA1 | 100.0±23.0 | 96.6±23.8 | 82.5±20.9 | 100.0±16.5 | 85.1±24.1 | 100.2±48.4 |
| ABCG5 | 100.0±21.2 | 102.8±16.6 | 101.1±17.8 | 100.0±11.9 | 89.5±13.9 | 91.8±16.4 |
| ABCG8 | 100.0±28.7 | 153.4±20.5 | 182.3±66.2 | 100.0±16.1 | 55.9±24.1 | 41.5±14.0 |
| ACAT-1 | 100.0±2.8 | 92.2±12.7 | 70.6±13.6 | 100.0±18.7 | 92.7±27.5 | 106.3±48.3 |
| CYP7A1 | 100.0±19.0 | 161.6±45.8 | 91.7±31.4 | 100.0±17.9 | 201.4±36.0 | 213.9±35.2 |
| HMGCR | 100.0±7.3 | 115.6±29.8 | 106.2±13.9 | 100.0±12.5 | 58.4±17.6 | 86.6±15.7 |
| LDLR | 100.0±19.6 | 59.6±15.0 | 61.2±12.1 | 100.0±22.6 | 62.3±8.1 | 51.6±7.2 |
| SRB1 | 100.0±24.6 | 66.1±9.3 | 44.2±12.3 | 100.0±36.8 | 54.0±15.1 | 71.4±19.3 |
| SHP-1 | 100.0±21.4 | 158.7±50.0 | 147.3±72.6 | 100.0±19.0 | 50.3±11.0 | 50.1±9.8 |
| SREBF-2 | 100.0±22.2 | 64.5±17.7 | 59.1±10.4 | 100.0±8.2 | 61.1±19.3 | 75.2±15.3 |
Data represent means±SEM (n=6).
Values in the same row not sharing a common letters (a,b or A,B) are significantly different at P<0.05 using the Tukey’s multiple comparisons test.
The mRNA expression levels were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis using the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA expression level for normalization. mRNA expression levels of genes are shown relative to those determined from livers of rats fed the CAS (Experimental 1) and CAS+C (Experimental 2) diets (set at 100).
CAS, casein; WFP, white muscle fish protein; RFP, red muscle fish protein; CAS+C, casein with cholesterol; WFP+C, WFP with cholesterol; RFP+C, RFP with cholesterol; CPT-2, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-2 ACOX, acetyl-CoA oxidase; FAS, fatty acid synthase; ACC, acetyl-CoA carboxylase; G6PDH, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; ME, malic enzyme; ABCA1, ATP-binding cassette subfamily A1 ABCG, ATP-binding cassette subfamily G ACAT-1, acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase-1 CYP7A1, cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase; HMGCR, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase; LDLR, low-density lipoprotein receptor; SRB1, scavenger receptor class B member 1; SHP-1, small heterodimer partner-1; SREBF-2, sterol regulatory element binding factor-2.