Figure 1. Btk inhibition suppresses production of homeostatic chemokines and angiogenic cytokines by macrophages.

(A) THP-1 differentiated macrophages (2.5 × 10⁵) were pretreated with indicated concentration of Btk inhibitors (0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5 μM) for 1 hour. (B) PBMCs (1 × 10⁶) were pretreated with indicated concentration of Btk inhibitors (0.2, 1, 5 μM) for 1 hour. After Btk inhibitor washout, the cells were stimulated with LPS (1 μg/ml) for 17 hours and the culture supernatant was harvested for the analysis of the chemokines and cytokine production. (C) Total RNA was extracted, and the expression of mRNA was detected by real time PCR. *Significantly decreased compared to LPS treatment alone (p < 0.05). Results are representative of three similar experiments.