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. 2017 Jul 10;7:4955. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05285-1

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Comparison between detection of amyloid plaques by Gd-stained MRI and histological sections double-stained for amyloid and iron in five mouse strains. Gd-stained MR images (left) were registered with histological sections double-stained for β-amyloid (Congo red) and iron (Perls-DAB) (right) in APP_SL/PS1_M146L (A,B), APP/PS1_dE9 (C,D), APP23 (E,F), APP_SwDI (G,H) and 3xTg (I,J) mice. Hypointense spots (white arrows and circles) were visible in the MR images of APP_SL/PS1_M146L (A), APP/PS1_dE9 (C) and APP23 (E) mice. They could be registered with congophilic amyloid plaques on histological sections (B,D,F, black and red arrows and circles). No congophilic plaques were detected in APP_SwDI (H) and 3xTg (J) mice. Iron staining revealed iron deposits that co-localize with amyloid plaques (black arrows and circles) in APP_SL/PS1_M146L (B), APP/PS1_dE9 (D) and APP23 (F) mice. Some other plaques were iron-free (red arrows and circles) and were also detectable by MRI indicating that iron is not necessary for their detection. No iron accumulation was observed in APP_SwDI (H) and 3xTg (J) mice. Scale bars: 500 µm for main images and 50 µm for inserts.