Figure 1.

Hippo pathway gene mutation frequency in mesothelioma. Mutations in Hippo pathway genes are shown here by histologic subtype of mesothelioma. More aggressive and poor prognosis sarcomatoid tumors have a higher frequency of NF2 mutations than epithelioid tumors. All subtypes display a high frequency of mutations in genes at some point in the Hippo pathway. Often, though not always, these mutations are mutually exclusive and the combined presence of NF2, LATS1, LATS2, and MST1 mutations accounts for a driving Hippo mutations in a large portion of MPM tumors. Gene mutation here includes mutations, copy number variations and fusions. NF2, Neurofibromatosis 2; MST1, mammalian sterile-20 like kinase 1.