Figure 1.

Distribution of biomarkers among chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients (cases) and controls, (a) superoxide dismutase levels (in U/ml) were significantly decreased in cases (P = 0.0001), (b) serum malondialdehyde levels (in nmol MDA/ml) were significantly higher in cases (P = 0.0001), (c) serum catalase levels (U/ml) were significantly diminished in cases (P = 0.0001), (d) serum iron levels (μ gm/dl, blue bars) were significantly higher (P = 0.0001) in cases and serum copper levels (μ gm/dl, red bars) were significantly lower in cases (P = 0.002)