Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the participants according to cognitive decline status
| Variables | All participants | Participants without cognitive decline | Participants with cognitive decline | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of participants | 247 | 229 | 18 | |
| Male, % | 25.2 | 23.7 | 44.4 | 0.09 |
| Age, years | 83.5±2.6 | 83.5±2.7 | 82.9±2.2 | 0.36 |
| Current smoking, % | 6.1 | 5.7 | 11.1 | 0.30 |
| Previous cardiovascular disease, % | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 1.00 |
| Treatment group, % | 52.6 | 53.7 | 38.9 | 0.23 |
| Body mass index | 23.8±14.2 | 23.9±14.7 | 22.6±1.6 | 0.25 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 12.2±1.4 | 12.2±1.4 | 11.9±1.6 | 0.49 |
| Fasting blood glucose, mmol/L | 5.0±0.8 | 5.0±0.8 | 4.6±0.6 | 0.05 |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 4.6±0.8 | 4.6±0.8 | 4.6±0.6 | 0.87 |
| Serum uric acid, µmol/L | 258.8±78.8 | 257.0±77.9 | 282.4±88.2 | 0.19 |
| Systolic BP, mmHg | 176.4±13.1 | 176.5±13.2 | 178.0±11.3 | 0.64 |
| Diastolic BP, mmHg | 84.3±9.9 | 83.9±9.9 | 89.8±7.4 | 0.01 |
| Serum creatinine, µmol/L | 100.0±23.9 | 98.6±23.5 | 118.5±21.7 | 0.001 |
| eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2 | 62.6±22.1 | 63.5±22.2 | 51.9±18.7 | 0.03 |
| Categories of eGFR, % | ||||
| ≥60 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 44.5 | 46.7 | 16.7 | 0.01 |
| 30–59 mL/min/1.73 m2 | 55.5 | 53.3 | 83.3 | 0.01 |
| Median MMSE score (IQR) | 22 (20–23) | 21 (20–23) | 25 (23–29) | <0.001 |
Note: Data are presented as percentages or mean ± SD unless indicated otherwise.
Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; IQR, interquartile range; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination.