Table 1.
Clinical and Metabolic Features of the Study Population Stratified by Tertiles of Insulin Sensitivity (WBISI)a
| First Tertile (n = 26) | Second Tertile (n = 26) | Third Tertile (n = 26) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical features | ||||
| Age, y | 14.4 ± 2.8 | 13.9 ± 3.7 | 15.5 ± 3.5 | 0.22 |
| Sex, M/F | 11/15 | 10/16 | 13/13 | 0.69 |
| Race, White/Black/Hispanic/Asian | 16/3/3/4 | 14/5/7/0 | 16/5/4/1 | 0.40 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 34.1 ± 4.9 | 29.3 ± 7.4 | 24.3 ± 5.6 | <0.0001b |
| BMI z-score, cm | 2.24 ± 0.64 | 1.74 ± 0.76 | 0.76 ± 0.81 | <0.0001b |
| Glucose metabolism | ||||
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 92.0 ± 8.5 | 87.7 ± 6.3 | 86.6 ± 764 | 0.03b |
| Fasting insulin, µU/mL | 46.4 ± 14.4 | 18.3 ± 3.7 | 13.3 ± 6.4 | <0.0001b |
| 2-hour glucose level, mg/dL | 142.8 ± 31.0 | 109.8 ± 18.2 | 92.1 ± 22.3 | <0.0001b |
| NGT/IGT | 13/13 | 25/1 | 26/0 | <0.0001b |
| Hemoglobin A1C, % | 5.5 ± 0.4 | 5.4 ± 0.3 | 5.3 ± 0.3 | 0.015b |
| WBISI | 0.94 ± 0.41 | 2.65 ± 0.36 | 4.54 ± 1.00 | <0.0001b |
| IGI | 4.7 ± 3.0 | 3.4 ± 2.2 | 1.9 ± 1.1 | 0.0003b |
| DI | 4.3 ± 3.2 | 8.6 ± 5.4 | 7.7 ± 4.3 | 0.002b |
| Lipid profile | ||||
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 158.3 ± 32.8 | 155.3 ± 31.9 | 142.0 ± 24.3 | 0.14 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 42.8 ± 13.0 | 46.9 ± 12.3 | 53.0 ± 9.9 | 0.01b |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 92.6 ± 24.7 | 89.7 ± 26.1 | 76.8 ± 24.3 | 0.07 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 114.3 ± 57.8 | 94.5 ± 55.5 | 59.2 ± 24.2 | 0.0007b |
| Liver function | ||||
| Alanine transaminase, U/L | 36.2 ± 25.9 | 19.4 ± 12.2 | 15.1 ± 6.5 | 0.0001b |
| Aspartate transaminase, U/L | 28.0 ± 15.1 | 21.3 ± 5.9 | 20.9 ± 5.0 | 0.02b |
Abbreviations: IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; NGT, normal glucose tolerance.
a
Statistical comparisons were performed using either one-way analysis of variance for continuous variables or χ2 tests for categorical variables.
b
Statistically significant.