Table 3.

Stratification Analysis: Hazard Ratios for Mortality of Cancer per 10 µg/m³ of PM_2.5 in Male and Female Subjects

a) Male
	All subjects				Never smoker			Ever smoker			Interaction
Causes of Mortality	n	HR	95% CI	P Value	n	HR	95% CI	n	HR	95% CI	P value
All malignant	2043	1.31	1.13, 1.51	<0.001	553	1.23	0.90, 1.67	1490	1.33	1.13, 1.56	0.75
All digestive organs	791	1.29	1.01, 1.65	0.04	261	1.23	0.83, 1.83	530	1.32	0.98, 1.78	0.94
Upper digestive tract	176	1.46	0.98, 2.18	0.06	54	1.49	0.79, 2.81	122	1.44	0.88, 2.35	0.31
Lower digestive tract	311	1.21	0.81, 1.81	0.35	105	1.13	0.61, 2.07	206	1.23	0.76, 2.01	0.46
Accessory organs	298	1.28	0.83, 1.96	0.26	101	1.09	0.55, 2.18	197	1.37	0.81, 2.32	0.98
Lung	677	1.36	1.05, 1.77	0.02	100	1.19	0.52, 2.74	577	1.37	1.05, 1.78	0.41
Male genital	143	1.02	0.51, 2.04	0.96	64	0.75	0.22, 2.61	79	1.16	0.49, 2.78	0.86
Urinary	87	1.03	0.48, 2.24	0.93	22	0.41	0.04, 3.84	65	1.14	0.56, 2.35	0.23
Lympho-hematopoietic	124	1.65	0.93, 2.94	0.09	49	0.97	0.36, 2.63	75	2.05	1.05, 4.02	0.59

b) Female
	All subjects				Never smoker			Ever smoker			Interaction
Causes of Mortality	n	HR	95% CI	P Value	n	HR	95% CI	n	HR	95% CI	P value
All malignant	2488	1.17	1.03, 1.32	0.02	2047	1.17	1.02, 1.34	441	1.12	0.82, 1.52	0.38
All digestive organs	943	1.16	0.96, 1.41	0.13	821	1.17	0.96, 1.44	122	1.01	0.59, 1.71	0.26
Upper digestive tract	147	1.37	0.91, 2.05	0.13	127	1.35	0.89, 2.04	20	1.25	0.36, 4.27	0.52
Lower digestive tract	408	0.88	0.64, 1.23	0.46	354	0.91	0.64, 1.28	54	0.72	0.26, 2.02	0.63
Accessory organs	378	1.37	1.05, 1.80	0.02	332	1.36	1.01, 1.84	46	1.39	0.79, 2.45	0.58
Lung	731	0.99	0.77, 1.27	0.92	523	1.01	0.76, 1.36	208	0.95	0.61, 1.47	0.99
Breast	111	1.80	1.26, 2.55	0.001	99	1.66	1.10, 2.50	12	7.14	2.01, 25.4	0.10
Female genital	138	1.73	1.17, 2.54	0.006	126	1.65	1.07, 2.55	12	2.48	1.09, 5.61	0.53
Urinary	68	0.89	0.45, 1.79	0.75	53	1.03	0.54, 1.96	15	0.35	0.03, 4.18	0.30
Lympho-hematopoietic	186	1.12	0.62, 2.02	0.70	161	1.17	0.62, 2.19	25	0.84	0.26, 2.75	0.99