Table 1.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of LNCG and MTA biological mothers.
| Variables | LNCG Mothers (n=237) | MTA Mothers (n=430) | t-test or χ2 | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Child Age at baseline, M (SD) | 9.87 (1.10) | 7.80 (.81) | 27.54 | <.001 |
| Mother Age when child was born, M (SD) | 29.17 (5.82) | 28.10 (5.77) | 2.28 | .02 |
| Mother Age at completing NEO, M (SD) | 39.03 (6.00) | 36.28 (5.76) | 5.82 | <.001 |
| Married, n (%) | 186 (79) | 314 (73) | 2.73 | .11 |
| High school or more education., n (%) | 223 (95) | 410 (95) | 0.24 | .71 |
| Full time job, n (%) | 116 (49) | 234 (54) | 1.84 | .19 |
| Income, $<40.000, n (%) | 83 (36) | 201 (47) | 6.72 | .01 |
| Public assistance, welfare, n (%) | 27 (11) | 60 (14) | .85 | .40 |
| Mental/nervous problems, n (%) | 30 (13) | 88 (21) | 5.19 | .02 |
| NEO Five Factor Inventory, M (SD) | ||||
| Neuroticism | 1.37 (.53) | 1.72 (.68) | −6.76 | <.001 |
| Extraversion | 2.43 (.45) | 2.37 (.50) | 1.61 | .11 |
| Openness | 2.24 (.45) | 2.26 (.47) | −.34 | .74 |
| Agreeableness | 2.92 (.41) | 2.79 (.41) | 3.81 | <.001 |
| Conscientiousness | 2.98 (.46) | 2.75 (.55) | 5.35 | <.001 |
| Conners Adult ADHD rating Scales, M (SD) | ||||
| Inattention/Cognitive Problems | .52 (.37) | .72 (.55) | −4.72 | <.001 |
| Hyperactivity/Restlessness | .59 (.37) | .79 (.52) | −4.88 | <.001 |
| Impulsivity/Emotional Lability | .49 (.34) | .68 (.42) | −5.83 | <.001 |
| CAARS ADHD Index | .53 (.30) | .73 (.43) | −7.03 | <.001 |
| Parent Stress Index Composite, M (SD) | 23.33 (16.35) | 44.26 (19.06) | −13.88 | <.001 |
Note. The 2-year difference in children’s age at baseline, and part of the 3-yr. difference in mother’s age when the NEO was completed are reflecting artifacts of the design: the baseline evaluation of the MTA children and mothers occurred 2 years earlier than the matched LNCG children and mothers.
LNCG=Local Normative Comparison Group; MTA=Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD.
ADHD Index = average of the 3 relevant CAARS factors. The Parent Stress Index Composite, was transformed into percentage of maximum possible (POMP) scoring in order to facilitate interpretation (range score 0 to 100).