Table 5.

Most important conclusions

Conclusions	LOE
Non-operative treatment
A cast/brace (with fixed MCP joints in 70°–90° flexion) allowing free mobilization of the wrist is preferred	II
Conservative treatment can also be used for closed displaced oblique or complex extra-articular fractures of the proximal phalanx, provided that closed reduction is possible and maintained, to achieve good functional results	IV
CRIF
Patients with extra-articular fractures of the proximal phalanx in which initial non-operative treatment has failed can be successfully treated with CRIF	IV
ORIF
Fixation with screw only, compared to plate and screws, is preferred in extra-articular spiral and oblique fractures of the proximal phalanx.	IV
CRIF vs. ORIF
Similar recovery and functional results are achieved with transversally inserted K-wires compared to lag screw fixation in extra-articular fractures of the proximal phalanx	II

LOE level of evidence