Table 1.
Characteristics of the selected studies.
| Reference | Strain | Sex | Main fat source | Duration of Intervention (days) | Age stage | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Burgueño A.L.26 a,b | W | M, F | lard | 57 | A | FAT, BW, LEP, GLU, INS, TG, HDL |
| Srinivasan M.43 a | SD | M | lard | 141 | PPP | INS |
| Srinivasan M.43 b | SD | M | lard | 141 | YA | BW, GLU, INS, TG |
| Tamashiro K.L.47 a | SD | M | lard | 40 | YA | FAT, BW, LEP, GLU, INS |
| Tamashiro K.L.47 b | SD | F | lard | 40 | YA | FAT, BW |
| Sun B.48 a,b | SD | M, F | lard | 40 | YA | FAT |
| Sun B.48 c,d | SD | M, F | lard | 19 | YA | FAT |
| Sun B.49 a | SD | M | lard | 40 | PPP | LEP |
| Sun B.49 b | SD | M | lard | 40 | YA | FAT, LEP |
| White C.L., Bruce-Keller A.J.50 | LE | M | lard | 70 | PPP | BW |
| White C.L., Morrison C.D.17 a | LE | M | lard | 70 | PPP | FAT, GLU |
| White C.L., Morrison C.D.17 b | LE | M | lard (food availability set) | 70 | PPP | FAT, GLU |
| Sasaki A.51 a,b | LE | M, F | lard | 70 | YA | BW |
| Marco A.52,D:\preeditjobs\Springernature\Scirep\5344\reprogrammed - MEP_L_bib52 | W | F | lard | 100 | YA | BW, LEP |
| Lecoutre S.53 a,b | W | M, F | lard | 154 | A | FAT, BW, LEP, GLU, INS, TG |
| Ambrosetti V.54 a | SD | F | lard | na | PPP | BW, INS |
| Ambrosetti V.54 b | SD | F | lard | na | YA | BW |
| Guberman C.55 a,b | SD | M | lard | 98, 77 | YA | BW, SBP |
| Seet E.L.56 | SD | M | lard | 98 | YA | TG |
| Desai M.57 a,c | SD | M, F | lard | 98 | PPP | SBP |
| Desai M.57 b,d | SD | M, F | lard | 98 | YA | FAT, BW, LEP, GLU, INS, TG |
| Desai M.57 e,g | SD | M, F | lard | 77 | PPP | SBP |
| Desai M.57 f,h | SD | M, F | lard | 77 | YA | FAT, BW, LEP, GLU, INS, TG |
| Desai M.58 | SD | M | lard | 98 | A | FAT, BW, GLU, INS, TG |
| Walker C.D.59 a | SD | M | lard | 28 | PPP | FAT, INS |
| Walker C.D.59 b | SD | M | lard | 28 | YA | FAT, BW, LEP |
| Naef L.60 | SD | M | lard | 28 | YA | FAT, BW |
| Koukkou E.61 | SD | na | lard | 47 | PPP | TG |
| Mendes-da-Silva C.62 | W | both | lard | 21 | YA | BW |
| Taylor P.D.63 | SD | F | lard | 52 | na | LEP |
| Khan I.Y.21 a,b | SD | M | lard | 52 | YA, A | GLU, INS, HDL, TG |
| Khan I.Y.21 c | SD | F | lard | 52 | YA | GLU, INS, HDL, TG, SBP |
| Khan I.Y.20 d | SD | F | lard | 52 | A | BW, GLU, INS, HDL, TG, SBP |
| Khan I.Y.21 a,d | SD | M | lard | 52, 31 | YA | FAT, BW, GLU, HDL, TG |
| Khan I.Y.21 b,e | SD | F | lard | 52, 31 | YA | FAT, BW, GLU, HDL, TG, SBP |
| Khan I.Y.21 c,f | SD | both | lard | 52, 31 | YA | INS |
| Khan I.Y.19 a | SD | M | lard | 52 | YA | BW, GLU, INS, HDL, TG |
| Khan I.Y.19 b | SD | F | lard | 52 | YA | GLU, INS, HDL, TG, SBP |
| Armitage J.A.64 a,b | SD | M, F | lard | 52 | YA | BW |
| Eleftheriades M.65 | W | both | lard | 9 | A | BW, GLU, HDL, TG |
| Vega C.C.66 a,b | W | M, F | lard | 141 | PPP | FAT, LEP, GLU, INS, TG |
| Bautista C.J.67 a,b | W | M, F | lard | 141 | PPP | FAT, BW |
| Rodríguez-González G.L. 2015a,b 68 | W | M | lard | 141 | YA, A | FAT, BW |
| Zambrano E.69 | W | M | lard | 141 | YA | FAT, BW, LEP, GLU, INS |
| Santos M.70 | W | M | lard | 141 | A | FAT, BW |
| Zhang X.71 | SD | M | lard | 42 | YA | TG |
| Page K.C.72 | SD | M | lard | 73 | YA | FAT, BW, LEP, GLU, INS |
| Howie G.J.44 a,b | W | M, F | lard | 42 | YA | FAT, LEP, GLU, INS |
| Howie G.J.44 c,d | W | M, F | lard | 140 | YA | FAT, LEP, GLU, INS |
| Howie G.J.73 a,b | W | M | lard | 42, 140 | YA | BW |
| Smith T.74 | W | M | lard | 42 | YA | FAT, BW, LEP, GLU, INS, HDL |
| Pereira T.J.75 a | SD | M | lard | 84 | YA | FAT, LEP, GLU, INS |
| Pereira T.J.75 b | SD | F | lard | 84 | YA | FAT, GLU, INS |
| Cordero P.76 a,b | W | M, F | lard | 42 | YA | FAT, BW |
| Sloboda D.M.77 a,b | W | F | lard | 42, 140 | PPP | BW |
| Tsoulis M.W.78 | W | F | lard | 42 | YA | BW, LEP, INS |
| Gray C., Reynolds C.M.79 | SD | M | lard | 52 | YA | FAT, BW, HDL, TG, SBP |
| Reynolds C.M.80 | SD | F | lard | 52 | YA | FAT, LEP, HDL, TG |
| Pileggi C.A.81 | SD | M | lard | 52 | YA | BW |
| Song Y.82 | SD | M | lard | 105 | YA | FAT, BW, LEP |
| Latouche C.83 | SD | M | lard | 63 | A | FAT, BW, GLU, INS |
| Yang K.F.84 | SD | F | lard | 42 | YA | GLU, INS, TG |
| Ghosh P.85 | SD | F | lard | 52 | YA | BW, HDL, TG |
| Miotto P.M.86 a,b | W | M, F | lard | 110 | YA | FAT, LEP |
| MacPherson R.E.87 | W | both | lard | 110 | YA | FAT, BW |
| Hanafi M.Y.88 a,c | W | M, F | lard | na | YA | LEP |
| Hanafi M.Y.88 b,d | W | M, F | lard | na | A | LEP, GLU, INS, HDL, TG |
| Mazzucco M.B.89 a,b | W | M, F | butter | 98 | YA | BW, GLU, TG |
| Kozak R.90 | LE | M | margarine | na | YA | BW, GLU, INS |
| Adamu H.A.16 | SD | M | corn oil + cream milk | 49 | PPP | BW, LEP, INS |
| Trottier G.38, 91 | SD | both | corn oil + cream milk | 26.5 | PPP | FAT, LEP |
| Couvreur O.92 a,b | W | M, F | palm oil | 89 | YA | BW, LEP, GLU, INS, TG |
| Férézou-Viala J.93 a,b | W | M, F | palm oil | 91 | YA | BW, LEP, GLU, INS, TG |
| Hellgren L.I.94 | SD | M | palm oil | 52 | YA | INS |
| Gregersen S.15 a,b | W | M | coconut oil | 70, 42 | YA | FAT, BW |
| Dyrskog S.E.14 a,b | W | M | coconut oil | 70, 42 | YA | BW, INS |
| Dong Y.M. 2010a 23 | W | M | coconut oil | 21 | PPP | FAT, BW, HDL, TG |
| Dong Y.M. 2010b 23 | W | M | soybean oil | 21 | PPP | FAT, BW, HDL, TG |
| Burckley A.J. 200513 | W | M | safflower oil | 49 | YA | BW, FAT |
| Chen H.95 | SD | M | hydrogenated vegetable oil + canola oil | 76 | YA | FAT, BW, LEP, GLU, INS, TG |
| Rajia S.96 | SD | F | hydrogenated vegetable oil + canola oil | 76 | YA | FAT, BW, LEP, GLU, INS, TG, SBP |
| Chen H.97 | SD | M | hydrogenated vegetable oil + canola oil | 83 | YA | FAT, BW, GLU, INS, TG |
| Xue Q.98 a,b | SD | M, F | hydrogenated vegetable oil + canola oil | 21 | YA | BW |
| Sun B.99a,b | SD | M, F | na | 40 | YA | FAT, BW, LEP |
| Gray C., Vickens M.H.99 | SD | M | na | 63 | YA | SBP |
| Zaborska K.E.101 | SD | M | na | na | YA | FAT, INS |
| Hou M. | SD | M | na | 56 | PPP | FAT, GLU, INS, TG |
Some studies appear more than one time with different sex, age stage or timing of the intervention. Some of the studies reported more than one experiment and therefore sometimes more than one experimental group could be identified for the purposes of our analysis. The same data point was used once in the meta-analysis, even if it appeared in multiple publications. Abbreviations: M: Male, F: Female, W: Wistar, SD: Sprague Dawley, LE: Long Evans. PPP: Prepubertal/Pubertal. YA: Young Adult. A: Adult. BW: Body Weight. FAT: Body Fat. LEP: Leptin. GLU: Glucose. INS: Insulin. TRI: Triglycerides. SBP: Systolic Blood Pressure. na: not available data.