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. 2017 Jul 12;11:199. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00199

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Copyright © 2017 Leaw, Nair, Lim, Thornton, Mallard and Hagberg.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Mitochondria play a critical role in the regulation of cellular metabolism in microglia after exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Metabolic reprogramming in microglia cells during inflammation: in microglia cells, a short exposure to a low dose of LPS causes a transient increase in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). This increase in OXPHOS is however suppressed in response to a prolonged exposure to high dose of LPS, forcing a shift in metabolism towards glycolysis to match the metabolic demand.