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. 2017 Jun;8(3):534–546. doi: 10.21037/jgo.2017.01.25

Table S3. Assessment of quality of included studies.

Study Research questions clearly stated Study population/database clearly specified Study period >3 years Provided size justification/ power description/adequate patient volume (>1,000) Overall Hospital/Surgeon volume reported Adequate hospitals (>20)/surgeons (>20) included Outcome measures clearly defined, reliable and implemented consistently Outcomes adjusted for confounders Overall quality rating
Liu 2015 A
Leonard 2014 A
Kolfschoten 2014 A
Richardson 2013 B
Hohenberger 2013 A
Mroczkowski 2011 A
Borowski 2010 A
Yasunaga 2009 A
Yasunaga 2009 A
Kressner 2009 A
Boudourakis 2009 B
Truong 2008 B
Ptok 2007 B
Bilingsley 2007 A
Ho 2006 B
Matthiessen 2006 B
Rogers 2006 C
Renzulli 2006 C
Wibe 2005 A
McGrath 2005 B
Kuhry 2005 B
Harling 2005 A
Engel 2005 A
Urbach 2004 A
Meyerhardt 2004 A
McArdle & Hole 2004 B
Zingmond 2003 A
Schrag 2003 A
Meyerhardt 2003 A
Hodgson 2003 A
Schrag 2002 A
Callahan 2003 A
Finlayson 2003 A
Martling 2002 A
Ko 2002 B
Hannan 2002 A
Birkmeyer 2002 A
Marusch 2001 A
Simunovic 2000 A
Parry 1999 B
Harmon 1999 A
Khuri 1999 A
Gordon 1999 B
Kee 1999 B
Porter 1998 B
Simons 1997 B
Holm 1997 B

A, good; B, fair; C, poor.