Drosophila corpora cardiaca (CC)- and corpora allata (CA)-derived factors are glucagon-like AKH (adipokinetic hormone), JH (juvenile hormone), and NMU (neuromedin U)-like Lst (limostatin). AKH is secreted by CC cells and acts through the AKHR (AKH receptor) found in many tissues to regulate growth and metabolism. Lst is secreted from CC cells and acts through its putative receptor LstR on insulin-producing cells to decrease Dilp (Drosophila insulin-like peptide) secretion. JH is secreted from CA cells and acts through the receptor Met found in several organs to regulate growth and metabolism. Note that CC/CA cells are found close to the esophagus, proventriculus, and brain in adults and brain in larvae. Although JH and AKH have other target organs, selected organs and functions discussed in the text are shown for simplicity. Data from References 3, 29, 43, 47, 51, 63, 66, 69, 78, 96, 98, 121, and 150.