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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jul 3.
Published in final edited form as: Birth Defects Res. 2017 Apr 10;109(11):816–823. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.1015

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

(A) Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) survival in black children by era, ≤1988/>1988. Survival probability of black children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Atlanta, GA, born 1979 to 2003 by treatment era. Treatment eras are before 1988 (routine immediate surgical repair), and post-1988 (preoperative stabilization, delayed surgical repair, and addition of lung-sparing strategies). Adjusted hazard ratio (AHR), 1.17; confidence interval (CI), 0.45–3.04). (B) CDH survival in white children by era, ≤1988/>1988. Survival probability of white children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Atlanta, GA, born 1979 to 2003 by treatment era. Treatment eras are before 1988 (routine immediate surgical repair), and post-1988 (preoperative stabilization, delayed surgical repair, and addition of lung sparing strategies). AHR, 2.86; CI, 1.38–5.90). (C) CDH survival in black children by presence of multiple defects, CDH + other defects/CDH alone. Survival probability of black children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Atlanta, GA, born 1979 to 2003 by presence or absence of multiple defects. Categories are CDH alone and CDH plus one or more major birth defects. AHR, 1.40; CI, 0.61–3.21. (D) CDH survival in white children by presence of multiple defects, CDH + other defects/CDH alone. Survival probability of white children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Atlanta, GA, born 1979 to 2003 by presence or absence of multiple defects. Categories are CDH alone and CDH plus one or more major birth defects. AHR, 2.59; CI, 1.20–5.57. (E) CDH survival in black children by percent of residents living below federal poverty level, <10%/≥10%. Survival probability of black children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Atlanta, GA, born 1979 to 2003 by neighborhood poverty level. Categories are <10% neighborhood residents live below federal poverty level and ≥10% neighborhood residents live below the federal poverty level. AHR, 2.67; CI, 1.05–6.81. (F) CDH survival in white children by percent of residents living below federal poverty level, <10%/≥10%. Survival probability of white children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, Atlanta, GA, born 1979 to 2003 by neighborhood poverty level. Categories are <10% neighborhood residents live below the federal poverty level and ≥10% neighborhood residents live below the federal poverty level. AHR, 1.11; CI, 0.44–2.78.