Table 1.
Name | Company | Description | Mechanism of action | Indication | Approval year/stage of development | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inflexal V® | Crucell, Berna Biotech | Virosomal (150 nm liposomes) vaccine | Mimicking native antigen presentation: Liposomes mimic the native virus structure, thus allowing for cellular entry and membrane fusion Retention of the natural presentation of antigens on liposomal surface provides for high immunogenicity. |
Influenza | 1997 | Herzog et al.,104 Mischler and Metcalfe,105 Bachmann and Jennings106 |
Epaxal® | Crucell, Berna Biotech | Inactivated virosomal (liposome) vaccine | Unique mechanism of action which mimics the natural process | HAV | 1999 | Bovier107 |
PegIntron® | Merck | PEGylated interferon alfa-2b | Improved stability of protein through PEGylation | HCV | 2001 | Alconcel et al.108 |
Pegasys® | Genentech | PEGylated interferon alfa-2b | Improved stability of protein through PEGylation | HBV, HCV | 2002 | Alconcel et al.108 |
Influvac® Plus | Solvay Pharma/Abbott | Virosome vaccine | Containing influenza surface proteins neuraminidase and hemagglutinin | Influenza | 2005 | Waknine109 |
FluquitTM
(STP 702) |
Sirnaomics Inc. | Short interfering RNA (SiRNA) therapeutic |
Gene silencing | H5N1 and H1N1 influenza | Preclinical evaluation | Sirnaomics110 |
Cervisil®
(STP 909) |
Sirnaomics Inc. | Short interfering RNA (SiRNA) therapeutic |
Gene silencing | HPV | Preclinical evaluation | Sirnaomics110 |
VivaGel®
(SPL 7013) |
Starpharma | Dendrimer | Lysine-based dendrimer with naphthalene disulfonic acid surface groups | HIV, HSV | Clinical trial (number: NCT00740584) (approved for used against bacterial vaginosis) |
Starpharma111 |
DermaVir | Genetic Immunity | Therapeutic vaccine | Synthetic plasmid DNA immunogen expressing 15 antigens, inducing significant expansions of the HIV-specific precursor/memory T cell pool. | HIV | Clinical trial (number NCT00270205 |
Rodriguez et al.112 |
Doravirine (MK-1439) |
Merck | Solid drug nanoparticle formulation | Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor | HIV | Clinical trial (number: NCT02549040) |
Molina et al.113 |
ARB-001467 TKM-HBV | Arbutus Biopharma | Wet lipid nanoparticle | Lipid particle containing three RNAi therapeutics that target three sites on the HBV genome |
HBV | Clinical trial (number: NCT02631096) |
Seto et al.114 |
HAV, hepatitis A virus; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HPV, human papillomavirus; HSV, herpes simplex virus.