Table 2. Crude and age-standardized TBI YLL rates per 100,000 persons in 16 European countries in 2013 by age and sex.
| Subgroup | Country | Age group (years) | Crude rate | Age-standardized rate (95% CI) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0–4 | 5–14 | 15–34 | 35–64 | 65–84 | 85+ | ||||
| Total | Estonia | 431.2 | 161.5 | 604.9 | 670.4 | 349.5 | 113.3 | 525.6 | 518.2 (506.1–530.6) |
| Lithuania | 54.9 | 102.4 | 499.6 | 725.1 | 427.4 | 207.4 | 514.0 | 505.4 (497.4–513.5) | |
| Slovakia | 26.8 | 132.5 | 265.8 | 394.5 | 465.3 | 347.6 | 319.4 | 327.3 (322.3–332.3) | |
| Serbia | 93.5 | 153.0 | 446.6 | 317.2 | 310.2 | 138.0 | 319.7 | 313.4 (309.3–317.5) | |
| Croatia | 145.1 | 66.6 | 333.8 | 320.0 | 334.3 | 396.1 | 293.3 | 291.0 (285.9–296.2) | |
| Romania | 248.5 | 109.7 | 295.1 | 323.2 | 244.9 | 113.3 | 274.8 | 270.7 (268.4–273.0) | |
| Bulgaria | 249.7 | 94.5 | 321.3 | 271.8 | 202.5 | 105.0 | 251.9 | 247.1 (243.5–250.7) | |
| Hungary | 103.9 | 36.9 | 247.0 | 289.4 | 308.1 | 278.2 | 248.1 | 245.1 (242.0–248.2) | |
| Luxembourg | 0.0 | 106.2 | 292.6 | 254.7 | 302.2 | 288.0 | 240.2 | 243.6 (230.4–257.5) | |
| Austria | 78.6 | 58.0 | 195.5 | 217.3 | 402.5 | 424.6 | 224.1 | 224.3 (221.1–227.5) | |
| Cyprus | 0.0 | 0.0 | 448.4 | 170.9 | 207.3 | 162.5 | 234.6 | 216.1 (206.5–226.2) | |
| Slovenia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 165.6 | 166.8 | 287.8 | 337.9 | 164.1 | 164.7 (159.1–170.3) | |
| Ireland | 43.5 | 76.3 | 235.2 | 151.6 | 182.1 | 181.0 | 158.7 | 163.9 (160.1–167.8) | |
| Italy | 64.3 | 35.4 | 250.0 | 126.2 | 182.1 | 179.6 | 153.2 | 153.7 (152.7–154.7) | |
| Denmark | 78.8 | 74.2 | 201.6 | 152.8 | 154.7 | 131.1 | 151.2 | 151.9 (148.7–155.2) | |
| United Kingdom | 51.2 | 17.4 | 117.7 | 108.5 | 155.6 | 215.6 | 106.5 | 108.5 (107.7–109.3) | |
| Pooled | 259.1 (205.8–312.3) | ||||||||
| Males | Estonia | 200.4 | 95.4 | 1,100.3 | 1,230.8 | 749.2 | 263.5 | 936.5 | 917.0 (893.1–941.7) |
| Lithuania | 0.0 | 94.1 | 859.4 | 1,275.0 | 898.2 | 281.9 | 901.0 | 892.7 (876.7–909.0) | |
| Slovakia | 52.1 | 124.8 | 429.7 | 688.9 | 829.1 | 629.7 | 528.1 | 555.2 (545.4–565.2) | |
| Serbia | 133.0 | 112.1 | 704.0 | 525.1 | 508.7 | 230.1 | 505.2 | 492.8 (485.5–500.3) | |
| Croatia | 207.5 | 60.3 | 549.4 | 556.7 | 550.8 | 631.3 | 483.9 | 483.7 (474.0–493.7) | |
| Romania | 256.2 | 105.5 | 461.1 | 564.1 | 422.4 | 220.6 | 447.6 | 440.8 (436.7–445.1) | |
| Bulgaria | 299.5 | 161.5 | 511.7 | 472.0 | 345.0 | 208.2 | 422.3 | 410.6 (404.0–417.3) | |
| Hungary | 131.8 | 26.8 | 384.2 | 469.8 | 532.8 | 458.6 | 390.8 | 394.1 (388.2–400.0) | |
| Luxembourg | 0.0 | 207.2 | 424.8 | 419.4 | 469.9 | 566.1 | 379.2 | 388.6 (364.5–414.6) | |
| Cyprus | 0.0 | 0.0 | 900.8 | 278.6 | 297.2 | 169.2 | 431.9 | 383.8 (365.7–402.9) | |
| Austria | 72.8 | 80.0 | 306.6 | 361.7 | 629.0 | 665.3 | 347.0 | 356.1 (350.2–362.1) | |
| Slovenia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 273.9 | 276.4 | 459.1 | 620.0 | 261.3 | 271.2 (260.7–282.3) | |
| Ireland | 41.1 | 126.3 | 397.4 | 243.6 | 198.4 | 189.1 | 245.9 | 248.4 (241.8–255.3) | |
| Italy | 49.1 | 46.1 | 395.3 | 201.4 | 257.0 | 246.5 | 232.3 | 233.8 (232.1–235.6) | |
| Denmark | 48.0 | 57.4 | 280.4 | 245.3 | 220.4 | 173.7 | 215.2 | 217.1 (211.7–222.8) | |
| United Kingdom | 48.0 | 25.8 | 174.6 | 164.9 | 192.1 | 290.5 | 149.3 | 153.8 (152.4–155.3) | |
| Pooled | 427.5 (290.0–564.9) | ||||||||
| Females | Lithuania | 113.2 | 111.5 | 123.8 | 245.3 | 174.4 | 185.8 | 183.4 | 181.3 (174.8–188.0) |
| Estonia | 673.1 | 232.1 | 78.5 | 157.2 | 133.8 | 75.1 | 165.3 | 166.3 (156.9–176.3) | |
| Serbia | 51.4 | 196.3 | 177.0 | 117.3 | 161.6 | 90.3 | 143.6 | 143.9 (140.0–147.9) | |
| Slovakia | 0.0 | 140.4 | 94.0 | 106.2 | 232.1 | 238.6 | 121.0 | 126.4 (122.1–130.8) | |
| Hungary | 74.2 | 47.7 | 103.7 | 119.2 | 168.4 | 214.0 | 118.5 | 116.1 (113.2–119.0) | |
| Croatia | 78.5 | 73.4 | 109.1 | 88.9 | 186.8 | 309.5 | 115.6 | 113.7 (109.3–118.2) | |
| Romania | 240.3 | 114.2 | 118.6 | 86.8 | 122.2 | 59.2 | 110.0 | 110.4 (108.4–112.5) | |
| Austria | 84.8 | 34.8 | 81.3 | 74.9 | 221.0 | 329.9 | 106.8 | 103.7 (100.7–106.8) | |
| Luxembourg | 0.0 | 0.0 | 155.9 | 82.7 | 159.1 | 162.7 | 100.6 | 102.0 (90.2–115.1) | |
| Bulgaria | 197.0 | 23.4 | 117.5 | 73.7 | 102.8 | 51.6 | 90.4 | 89.2 (86.2–92.3) | |
| Denmark | 111.0 | 91.7 | 120.3 | 59.8 | 96.5 | 110.6 | 88.2 | 87.9 (84.5–91.4) | |
| Ireland | 45.8 | 23.8 | 76.7 | 60.6 | 167.0 | 176.6 | 73.1 | 80.7 (76.8–84.7) | |
| Italy | 80.4 | 24.1 | 100.3 | 53.4 | 121.5 | 150.0 | 78.9 | 76.8 (75.8–77.8) | |
| Slovenia | 0.0 | 0.0 | 48.5 | 52.0 | 161.3 | 248.1 | 68.7 | 66.3 (61.5–71.4) | |
| United Kingdom | 54.6 | 8.6 | 59.9 | 53.4 | 123.8 | 177.6 | 65.1 | 65.2 (64.3–66.0) | |
| Cyprus | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 72.9 | 129.5 | 170.1 | 47.9 | 55.8 (48.4–64.1) | |
| Pooled | 105.4 (89.1–121.6) | ||||||||
Meta-analysis heterogeneity: I2 for total = 100% (95% CI: 100% to 100%); I2 for males = 100% (95% CI: 100% to 100%); I2 for females = 100% (95% CI: 100% to 100%). TBI, traumatic brain injury; YLL, year of life lost.