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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Surg. 2018 May;267(5):922–928. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000002135

TABLE 3.

OLT Recipient Factor Associations with Occult Multifocal HCC on Univariate Analysis.

National Data (2012–2014)
OLT Center (2002–2011)
RR 95% CI P RR 95% C.I. P
Male 1.36 1.21–1.53 <0.001 0.96 0.75–1.45 0.81
Age ≥60 y 1.04 0.96–1.13 0.36 0.96 0.76–1.22 0.77
History of prior malignancy 1.07 0.56–2.04 0.84
 Single lesion on preoperative imaging 1.15 1.03–1.28 0.01 1.27 0.92–1.74 0.13
 Tumor >5 cm 1.13 0.87–1.45 0.37 1.44 1.09–1.90 0.05
 MELD >10 1.14 1.04–1.24 0.003 1.18 0.87–1.60 0.28
 AFP >20 ng/mL 1.05 0.96–1.14 0.32 1.1 0.89–1.38 0.36
 Waitlist time >12 mo 1.03 0.94–1.13 0.56 1.02 0.80–1.30 0.9
 Outside Milan Criteria 1.18 0.98–1.42 0.10 1.34 1.06–1.69 0.03
 Outside UCSF criteria 1.25 0.98–1.61 0.10 1.31 0.90–1.91 0.24
Etiology of liver disease
 HCV 1.06 0.97–1.15 0.22 0.97 0.77–1.22 0.79
 HBV 0.94 0.76–1.15 0.52 1.01 0.69–1.46 0.97
 Alcohol 0.96 0.81–1.12 0.58 0.87 0.54–1.42 0.58
 PSC/PBC/AIH 0.82 0.59–1.13 0.17 1.12 0.54–2.32 0.77
 NASH/Cryptogenic 1.05 0.92–1.20 0.45 1.11 0.82–1.51 0.51
 Other 0.94 0.83–1.06 0.32 NA NA NA
Last pre-OLT imaging modality
 MR 0.93 0.85–1.01 0.10 0.98 0.78–1.22 0.83
 CT 1.07 0.99–1.17 0.1 1.01 0.69–1.46 0.97
 US NA NA NA 0.93 0.23–3.75 0.92
 Received regional treatment of HCC 1.22 1.12–1.33 <0.001 0.97 0.77–1.222 0.79

AFP indicates alpha fetoprotein; AIH, autoimmune hepatitis; CT, computed tomography; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; NASH, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; MR, magnetic resonance; OLT, orthotopic liver transplant; PBS, primary biliary cirrhosis; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis; UCSF, University of California in San Francisco; US, ultrasound.