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. 2017 Jul 10;8:15978. doi: 10.1038/ncomms15978

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Copyright © 2017, The Author(s)

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

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MOLA topographic data are colourized to show the maximum (1,100 m) and minimum (700 m) level of an ancient sea. Alteration minerals represent phases detected in this study using CRISM data with the exception of ‘chlorides,’ which were detected previously using THEMIS data. Deep basin units are pervasively altered to Fe- and Mg-rich clay minerals, and likely sulphides, which are traced by the occurrence of jarosite.