Fig. 3.

Gene expression analyses during stage-specific differentiation of insulin-producing cells using real time PCR, n = 3. a Definitive endodermal differentiation of MSCs; at day 2 of differentiation, gene expression of the transcription factors SOX 17, Cytokeratin 19 (CK 19), GATA 4, and HNF 1B were analyzed by real-time PCR. b Gene expression analysis at day 5 of differentiation from the definitive endoderm to the pancreatic endoderm shows enhanced gene expression of pancreatic endodermal lineage genes NGN-3, Beta-2, PAX-4, PAX-6, and PDX-1. c Gene expression analysis after completion of differentiation into islet-like cells shows enhanced expression of Insulin1 and Glucagon genes compared to the control