Fig. 4.

ATL induces apoptosis by modulating cyt c/caspase signaling. a: Apoptosis was analyzed using FACS. The results are represented as the mean ± SD of three experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. the DMSO-treated group. b: The indicated pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins were detected by a Western blot analysis. c: The release of cyt c from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm was observed via am IFI analysis in U87 cells. d: The protein expression of cyt c in the cytoplasm of these two cell types was detected by a Western blotting assay. e: The protein levels of the VDAC were detected by Western blotting in U87 and U251 cells. The results are represented as the mean ± SD of three experiments. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. the DMSO-treated group. The experiment was repeated three independent times