Table 4.
Correlations between individual whole blood polyunsaturated fatty acid and dietary intake of various food componentes based on a 24-hour recall in 1572 children with moderate acute malnutrition
| n (%) | n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids | n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids | Ratios | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LA 18:2n-6 |
AA 20:4n-6 |
n-6 DPA 22:5n-6 |
ALA 18:3n-3 |
DHA 22:6n-3 |
Mead acid 20:3n-9 |
Mead acid/AA 20:3n-9/20:4n-6 |
n-6 DPA/DHA 22:5n-6/22:6n-3 |
||
| Grains, roots, and tubers group | |||||||||
| No | 231 (14.8) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 1335 (85.2) | −0.05 (-0.38 ; 0.27) | 0.01 (-0.21 ; 0.22) | 0.006 (-0.01 ; 0.02) | −0.01 (-0.02; 0.01) | 0.03 (-0.04 ; 0.10) | 0.001 (-0.003; 0.004) | 0.000 (-0.001; 0.001) | −0.00 (-0.01; 0.01) |
| Legumes and nuts group | |||||||||
| No | 1335 (84.9) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 237 (15.1) | 0.07 (-0.24 ; 0.38) | −0.38 (-0.59 ; -0.16) * | −0.03 (-0.04 ; -0.01) ** | 0.02 (0.00; 0.03)* | −0.05 (-0.13 ; 0.01) | −0.000 (-0.004; 0.003) | 0.001 (0.000; 0.001)* | −0.01 (-0.02; 0.01) |
| Oils and fats group | |||||||||
| No | 1286 (81.9) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 285 (18.1) | −0.01 (-0.31 ; -0.28) | −0.32 (-0.52 ; -0.12)** | −0.04 (-0.05 ; -0.02)** | −0.02 (-0.01; 0.01) | 0.08 (0.09 ; 0.15)* | 0.001 (-0.002; 0.004) | 0.001 (0.000; 0.002)** | −0.03 (-0.04; -0.01)** |
| Dairy group | |||||||||
| No | 1512 (96.2) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 60 (3.8) | −0.41 (-0.99 ; 0.17) | 0.002 (-0.39 ; 0.39) | 0.02 (-0.01 ; 0.05) | 0.01 (-0.02; 0.03) | 0.01 (-0.12 ; 0.15) | 0.008 (0.002; 0.010)* | 0.001 (-0.000; 0.020) | 0.01 (-0.01; 0.04) |
| Flesh foods group | |||||||||
| No | 1464 (93.2) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 107 (6.8) | −0.24 (-0.69 ; 0.20) | −0.18 (-0.49 ; 0.11) | −0.03 (-0.06 ; -0.01)* | −0.01 (-0.03; 0.00) | 0.23 (0.12 ; 0.33)** | −0.003 (-0.008; 0.002) | −0.000 (-0.001; 0.006) | −0.04 (-0.05; -0.02)* |
| Eggs group | |||||||||
| No | 1561 (99.6) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 6 (0.4) | −1.11 (-2.93; 0.70) | −0.96 (-2.19; 0.26) | −0.02 (-0.12; 0.08) | 0.04 (-0.03; 0.12) | −0.04 (-0.47; 0.37) | −0.004 (-0.020; 0.010) | 0.001 (-0.003; 0.005) | −0.01 (-0.08; 0.07) |
| Vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables group | |||||||||
| No | 1116 (71.1) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 454 (28.9) | 0.15 (-0.1; 0.40) | −0.24 (-0.41; -0.07)* | −0.02 (-0.03; -0.00)** | 0.01 (-0.00; 0.02) | 0.01 (-0.05; 0.07) | −0.000 (-0.003; 0.002) | 0.000 (-0.000; 0.001) | −0.01 (-0.02; 0.00) |
| Others fruits and vegetables group | |||||||||
| No | 715 (45.5) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
| Yes | 857 (54.5) | −0.06 (-0.29; 0.17) | 0.10 (-0.05; 0.26) | 0.12 (-0.00; 0.02) | −0.01 (-0.02; -0.00)* | 0.03 (-0.02; 0.09) | 0.001 (-0.001; 0.004) | 0.000 (-0.000; 0.001) | −0.00 (-0.01; 0.01) |
| Breastfeeding | |||||||||
| No | 82 (5.2) | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | |
| Yes | 1488 (94.8) | 1.17 (0.64; 1.70)** | 0.75 (0.39; 1.11)** | 0.00 (-0.02; 0.03) | −0.01 (-0.03; 0.01) | 0.13 (0.01; 0.25)* | −0.020 (-0.030;-0.020)** | −0.005 (-0.006;-0.004)** | −0.04 (-0.06; -0.01)** |
Data are given as regression coefficients (95% confidence interval) in weight percent of total whole blood fatty acid concentration after adjustment for age and sex. Abbreviations: LA Linoleic acid, AA Arachidonic acid, n-6DPA n-6 Docosapentaenoic acid, ALA α-Linolenic acid, DHA Docosahexaenoic acid, ref reference group. Numbers in categories may not sum up to 1572 due to missing data. Data on intake of grains, roots, and tubers group were available for 1566 children, on intake of flesh foods from 1571, eggs from 1567, on vitamin A-rich fruits and vegetables and breastfeeding from 1570. *p<0.05; **p<0.01