Table 2.
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of outpatients with acute respiratory tract infections who had a respiratory virus detected, southern Sri Lanka, 2013–2015
| Characteristic | Frequency (%) or median (IQR) |
OR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Respiratory virus positive N = 363 (%) | Respiratory virus negative N = 208 (%) | |||
| Child (< 5 years) | 70 (19.3%) | 31 (14.9%) | 1.36 (0.84–2.24) | 0.21 |
| Male | 209 (57.6) | 94 (45.2) | 1.65 (1.16–2.32) | 0.005 |
| Sick contact in past month | 165 (46.2) | 73 (35.1) | 1.59 (1.12–2.26) | 0.01 |
| Prior medical visit for same illness | 95 (26.3) | 62 (30.7) | 0.81 (0.55–1.18) | 0.28 |
| Travel in past 4 weeks | 55 (15.2) | 32 (15.4) | 0.99 (0.61–1.58) | 1.00 |
| Smoking (passive or active) | 84 (23.1) | 37 (17.8) | 1.39 (0.90–2.14) | 0.14 |
| Prior antibiotic for same illness | 19 (5.2) | 24 (11.5) | 0.43 (0.23–0.81) | 0.008 |
| Days of fever | 2 (1–3) | 2 (2–4) | 0.02 | |
| Days of cough | 2 (2–3) | 3 (2–4) | < 0.001 | |
| Ear ache | 18 (5.0) | 11 (5.3) | 0.93 (0.43–2.02) | 0.85 |
| Rhinitis | 276 (76) | 149 (71.6) | 1.26 (0.85–1.85) | 0.27 |
| Sore throat | 175 (48.2) | 93 (44.7) | 1.15 (0.82–1.62) | 0.43 |
| Dyspnea | 64 (17.6) | 25 (12.0) | 1.57 (0.95–2.57) | 0.09 |
| Pain with breathing | 45 (12.4) | 13 (6.3) | 2.12 (1.12–4.04) | 0.02 |
| Anorexia | 247 (68.0) | 104 (50.0) | 2.13 (1.50–3.02) | < 0.001 |
| Vomiting | 67 (18.5) | 31 (14.9) | 1.29 (0.81–2.06) | 0.30 |
| Abdominal pain | 26 (7.2) | 11 (5.3) | 1.38 (0.67–2.86) | 0.48 |
| Headache | 269 (74.1) | 145 (69.7) | 1.24 (0.85–1.81) | 0.28 |
| Fatigue/lethargy | 266 (73.3) | 115 (55.3) | 2.22 (1.55–3.17) | < 0.001 |
| Arthralgias | 219 (60.3) | 99 (47.6) | 1.67 (1.18–2.36) | 0.004 |
| Myalgias | 222 (61.2) | 101 (48.6) | 1.67 (1.18–2.35) | 0.004 |
| Temperature (°F) | 101.0 (100.6–101.7) | 100.9 (100.5–101.7) | 0.02 | |
| Wheezing | 48 (13.3) | 23 (11.1) | 0.81 (0.48–1.37) | 0.51 |
| Antibiotic prescribed | 280 (77.1) | 161 (77.4) | 0.98 (0.66–1.48) | 1.00 |
| Diagnostic tests ordered | 60 (16.5) | 52 (25.0) | 0.59 (0.39–0.90) | 0.02 |
CI = confidence interval; IQR = interquartile range; OR = odds ratio. Bivariable analysis was performed using the Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and the Kruskall–Wallis test for continuous variables.