Fig. 5.

Effects of chronic GLP-1 signalling activation on beta cell lines. (a) Western blotting or βIRKO mouse beta cells and control beta cells (LoxLoxβ) for total and p-Akt, CDK2, CDK4, cyclin A, cyclin D1, cyclin D2 and cyclin E with or without 24 h stimulation with 10 nmol/l Ex-4. Representative images of three independent experiments are shown. (b) Relative expression of proteins compared with non-stimulated state. Expression was normalised to actin except for p-Akt which was normalised to total Akt. White bars, control; black bars, Ex-4-treated. All data are expressed as mean ± SEM. n=3 in each group. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, Ex-4-treated vs control