Peritoneal macrophages isolated from wild-type (WT) or MyD88−/− mice were stimulated with medium (med), PMA (10 ng/ml), CpG DNA (12 μg/ml), PGN (1 μg/ml), live GBS (108 cfu/ml), or antibiotic-killed GBS (GBS+P/G; 108 cfu of GBS were treated with 1 mg of penicillin G for 6 h) for 45 min. Activation status of PKD1 and JNK was detected by phospho-specific Western blot assay. Actin was used as a loading control. Data represent results obtained from three separate experiments.