Table 1.
Reference | Country | Sample size | Menopause definition | Inclusion criteria | Type of MHT (mg/day) | Duration (weeks) | Sleep quality scale |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hays et al. [26] | USA | 166,008 | 50–54 y/o + LMP > 12 m >54 y/o + LMP > 6 m |
— | o-CEE (0.625) + MPA (2.5) | 156 | WHIIRS |
Saletu-Zyhlarz et al. [27] | Austria | 55 | LMP > 24 m + E < 55 pg/mL + FSH > 19 mlU/mL + KI > 15 | Insomnia +VMS | o-EV(2) + dienogest (3) | 8 | PSQI |
+ | o-EV (2) | ||||||
Sherman et al. [25] | USA | 249 | >55 y/o + LMP > 5 years | Coronary artery disease | o-CEE (0.625) o-CEE (0.625) + MPA (2.5) |
156 | WHIIRS |
Heinrich et al. [28] | Germany | 51 | Hysterectomy | VMS | o-EV (2) | 24 | ADSK Sleep item + Sleep item from Menopausal Index (combined) |
o-EV(2) + mP(100) | |||||||
Kalleinen et al. [29] | Finland | 18 | By age and amenorrhea (no further details) | — | o-EV(2) + MDP (5) | 24 | BNSQ |
+ | |||||||
LeBlanc et al. [15] | USA | 37 | 6 m > LMP < 36 m + FSH > 920 IU/L | — | o-EV(2) + MDP (5) | 8 | OHSU SL sleep diary |
Savolainen-Peltonen et al. [24] | Finland | 128 | 6 m > LMP > 36 m + FSH > 30 U/L | ½ women with severe VMS, ½ symptom free | o-E2 | 24 | WHQ sleep item |
o-E2 + MPA (5) | |||||||
t-E2 |
LMP last menstrual period, m months, VMS vasomotor symptoms, WHIIRS Women’s Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale, ADSK German version of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, authors used only sleep item for sleep quality assessment, BNSQ Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire, OHSU SL Oregon Health and Science University Sleep Laboratory, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, WHQ Women’s Health Questionnaire, o- oral, t- transdermal CEE, conjugated equine estrogen, MPA medroxyprogesterone acetate, EV estradiol valerate, mP micronized-progesterone, E2 17 beta estradiol, + primary outcome sleep quality or insomnia