Table 1.

Characteristics of included eligible randomized placebo controlled trials with available data for meta-analysis

Reference	Country	Sample size	Menopause definition	Inclusion criteria	Type of MHT (mg/day)	Duration (weeks)	Sleep quality scale
Hays et al. [26]	USA	166,008	50–54 y/o + LMP > 12 m >54 y/o + LMP > 6 m	—	o-CEE (0.625) + MPA (2.5)	156	WHIIRS
Saletu-Zyhlarz et al. [27]	Austria	55	LMP > 24 m + E < 55 pg/mL + FSH > 19 mlU/mL + KI > 15	Insomnia +VMS	o-EV(2) + dienogest (3)	8	PSQI
		+			o-EV (2)
Sherman et al. [25]	USA	249	>55 y/o + LMP > 5 years	Coronary artery disease	o-CEE (0.625) o-CEE (0.625) + MPA (2.5)	156	WHIIRS
Heinrich et al. [28]	Germany	51	Hysterectomy	VMS	o-EV (2)	24	ADSK Sleep item + Sleep item from Menopausal Index (combined)
					o-EV(2) + mP(100)
Kalleinen et al. [29]	Finland	18	By age and amenorrhea (no further details)	—	o-EV(2) + MDP (5)	24	BNSQ
		+
LeBlanc et al. [15]	USA	37	6 m > LMP < 36 m + FSH > 920 IU/L	—	o-EV(2) + MDP (5)	8	OHSU SL sleep diary
Savolainen-Peltonen et al. [24]	Finland	128	6 m > LMP > 36 m + FSH > 30 U/L	½ women with severe VMS, ½ symptom free	o-E2	24	WHQ sleep item
					o-E2 + MPA (5)
					t-E2

LMP last menstrual period, m months, VMS vasomotor symptoms, WHIIRS Women’s Health Initiative Insomnia Rating Scale, ADSK German version of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, authors used only sleep item for sleep quality assessment, BNSQ Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire, OHSU SL Oregon Health and Science University Sleep Laboratory, PSQI Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, WHQ Women’s Health Questionnaire, o- oral, t- transdermal CEE, conjugated equine estrogen, MPA medroxyprogesterone acetate, EV estradiol valerate, mP micronized-progesterone, E2 17 beta estradiol, + primary outcome sleep quality or insomnia