| Process indicators |
|
| 1. Diabetes: processes of care |
A composite indicator recording the proportion of eligible patients that received all of nine recommended processes of care: blood pressure (BP) measurement, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement, cholesterol measurement, urine albumin:creatinine ratio (ACR) / protein:creatinine (PCR) testing or proteinuria code, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) or serum creatinine testing, foot review, retinal screening, body mass index (BMI) recording, smoking status, within the last 15 months (six months for HbA1c measurement). |
| 2. Risky prescribing |
A set of nine indicators largely focusing on avoiding adverse gastrointestinal, renal and cardiac effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and anti-platelet drugs: prescribing a traditional oral NSAID or low-dose aspirin in patients with a history of peptic ulceration without co-prescription of gastro-protection; prescribing a traditional oral NSAID in patients aged 75 years or over without co-prescription of gastro-protection; prescribing of a traditional oral NSAID and aspirin in patients aged 65 years or over without co-prescription of gastro-protection; prescribing of aspirin and clopidogrel in patients aged 65 years or over without co-prescription of gastro-protection; prescribing of warfarin and a traditional oral NSAID without co-prescription of gastro-protection; prescribing of warfarin and low-dose aspirin or clopidogrel without co-prescription of gastro-protection; prescribing an oral NSAID in patients with heart failure; prescribing an oral NSAID in patients prescribed both a diuretic and an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB); and prescribing an oral NSAID in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) |
| 3. Anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation (AF) and risk of stroke |
A single indicator examining recommended treatment of patients with AF and at greater risk of stroke. The proportion of patients with a record of AF and a score of two or higher on the CHADS2 risk tool who have a current prescription for anti-coagulation therapy. |
| 4. Secondary prevention of myocardial infarction (MI) |
A single indicator showing the proportion of patients with a lifetime record of MI who are receiving the recommended four drugs: ACE inhibitor or ARB, aspirin or antiplatelet, beta-blocker, and statin. |
| Outcome indicators |
|
| 5. Diabetes control |
A composite indicator recording the proportion of patients with Type 2 diabetes that achieve each of three recommended target levels: BP <140/80 mmHg (or <130/80 mmHg if kidney, eye or cerebrovascular damage), HbA1c ≤59 mmol/mol, and cholesterol ≤5 mmol/l. |
| 6. Blood pressure control in hypertension |
A combination of two indicators recording the proportion of patients achieving individual, age-dependent targets in the previous nine months: BP <140/90 mmHg if aged under 80 years, or <150/90 mmHg if aged 80 years or more. |
| 7. Blood pressure control in chronic kidney disease (CKD) |
A combination of two indicators assessing the achievement of recommended BP targets in specific patient groups: <140/85 mmHg, or <130/80 mmHg if record of diabetes or proteinuria. |
