Table 2. Summary of all disease systems and subsets by reservoir type.
| Epidemic Potential Zone* | High Priority Zoonotic Pathogens† | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reservoir Type | All Systems (n = 330) | Dead-End (220) | Stuttering Chains (44) | Epidemic Potential (66) | Human Target (261) | Top 25% (109) | Top 10% (45) |
| Single Species | 49.09% (162) | 44.09% (97) | 54.55 (24) | 62.12% (41) | 43.68% (114) | 46.79% (51) | 60.00% (27) |
| Multiple Species | 31.12% (106) | 30.45% (67) | 38.64% (17) | 33.33% (22) | 33.72% (88) | 41.28% (45) | 37.78% (17) |
| Complex | 18.79% (62) | 25.45% (56) | 6.83% (3) | 4.55% (3) | 22.61% (59) | 11.93% (13) | 2.22% (1) |
| Community‡ | 65.15% (215) | 69.55% (153) | 61.36% (27) | 53.03% (35) | 70.50% (184) | 70.64% (77) | 68.89% (31) |
Each system was classified as exactly one of single species, multiple species, or complex reservoir type. Complex reservoirs include a defined sequence of environments and/or host species that maintain the pathogen. Community dependence is an additional yes or no classification that could include systems categorized as any of the first three (see ‡). The number of systems is given in parentheses.
*The epidemic potential zone subsets represent the transmission potential of the pathogen in the target host population(s) following spillover. The zones are defined as follows: dead-end for a basic reproductive number (R0) nearly equal to zero, stuttering chains for an R0 greater than zero but less than one, and epidemic potential for an R0 greater than one.
†High priority zoonotic pathogen subsets were determined by estimating the pathogen’s representation in the scientific literature using the H-index. Each subset was created to include pathogens that are among the 25% (Top 25%) and 10% (Top 10%) most significant known human pathogens.
‡Community dependence is calculated as follows: number of systems with multiple species reservoirs + (number of complex reservoir systems—number of complex reservoirs with only one animal species) + number of non-arthropod single species reservoirs with a required arthropod vector.