Table 3. The association of patients’ characteristics and manifestations with ADEM cases’ outcomes.
| Factor | Comparison groups | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Complete recovery (n = 16)* | Partial recovery (n = 7)* | P-valuea | Bad outcomes (Death or partial recovery) (n = 10)* | P-valueb | |
| Gender (male), (n) (%)** | 11 (68.8) | 5 (71.4) | 1 | 8 (80) | 0.67 |
| Steroids treatment, (n) (%)** | 11 (68.8) | 5 (71.4) | 1 | 5 (50) | 0.43 |
| Administration route (IV), (n) (%)** | 6 (37.5) | 3 (42.8) | 1 | 3 (30) | 1 |
| Age (years) | 22.5 (9 days– 65 years) | 15 (10–58) | 0.76 | 17 (10–58) | 0.97 |
| Hb (mg/L) | 10 × 104 (112–113 × 103) | 63 (119–12 × 104) | 0.56 | 117500 (119–162 × 103) | 0.18 |
| Onset day of neurological manifestations | 11 (5–19) | 6 (5–8) | 0.03 | 5.5 (3–8) | 0.006 |
| Platelet (L) | 655 × 108 (18 × 109–19 × 1012) | 60 × 109 (20 × 109–328 × 109) | 0.92 | 45 × 109 (16 × 109–328 × 109) | 0.43 |
| WBC (L) | 51 × 108 (9500–31 × 109) | 4 × 109 (0.011–75 × 108) | 0.49 | 41 × 109 (0.011–146 × 108) | 0.95 |
| GCS | 7.5 (7–8) | 7.5 (6–9) | 1 | 7 (6–9) | 0.9 |
| PCV (%) | 31.5 (37.9–48.4) | 38.2 (37.9–48.4) | 0.23 | 42.1 (37.9–48.4) | 0.21 |
| ALT (U/L) | 211.5 (36.3–1457) | 313 (43–123000) | 0.87 | 214 (38–123000) | 0.80 |
| AST (U/L) | 156.5 (77.9–832) | 9232.5 (44–199000) | 0.85 | 465 (44–199000) | 1 |
| Temperature (°F) | 100 (99–102) | 102.2 (100.4–105) | 0.026 | 102.2 (100.4–105) | 0.03 |
| Pulse (per minute) | 105 (100–110) | 110 (100–140) | 0.67 | 110 (92–140) | 0.95 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 100 (90–110) | 98 (90–130) | 0.97 | 100 (90–130) | 0.99 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 65 (60–70) | 70 (59–79) | 0.66 | 60 (60–80) | 1 |
| Urea (mg/dl) | 24 (21.9–108) | 69 (26–84) | 0.38 | 69 (26–84) | 0.29 |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 102.4 (69–138) | 100.8 | 1 | 105.4 (100.8–110) | 0.8 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.15 (1–1.9) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 0.94 | 1.2 (0.6–4.3) | 0.95 |
| Albumin (g/dl) | 2.75 (2.3–3.2) | 3.55 (2.9–4.2) | 1 | 3.55 (2.9–4.2) | 1 |
Abbreviations; Vs. = Versus, IV = Intravenous, Hb = Hemoglobin, GCS = Glasgow coma scale, PCV = packed cell volume, AST = Aspartate transaminase, ALT = Alanine transaminase.
aP-value for comparison between complete recovery versus partial recovery.
bP-value for comparison between complete recovery versus bad outcomes.
*The numbers are median and range except for gender, steroids treatment and administration route which are the frequency and percent.
**The test used for all variables was Mann-Whitney U test except for gender, steroids treatment and administration route (Fixer’s exact test).