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. 2017 Jul 13;7:5277. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-05440-8

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Combined ancestral and adulthood stress alter the profile of exploratory behaviour. (A–H) The paths taken by representative rats of different groups during a 20-min test session on the open field table. Note the length of path taken by MS + S-SI and MS + S-SI + T groups (G & H) that obviously are shorter than those by other groups. Home base was located at 12:00 O’clock on the table. (Bottom sub-panel-left; red dots) Representation of stops dispersion during exploration of the table top. (Bottom sub-panel-right) Rats’ speed during 20-min exploration assigned to four 5-minute intervals indicated that MS + S-SI and MS + S-SI + T groups were less motivated to explore the arena than other groups and made shorter path lengths (I) with lower speed (J) than other groups. Stop time (K) and average distance between stops (L) also indicated lower level of motor activity on the table in MS + S-SI rats compared to controls. Note the quadruple stack of plots that represent stops dispersion and distance between each stop during excursion. Stop duration is also represented by the bubble’s diameter. (M) Time spent inside or outside the home base by each group during a 20-minute session. MS + S-SI and MS + S-SI + T groups spent significantly more time inside the home base than outside, and more than any other groups.