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. 2017 Jul 13;7:5330. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-04676-8

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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XD flow imaging using reconstruction R3 in the abdomen of an 8-year-old male with gadobutrol administration to enable comprehensive kidney assessment. Blood flow velocities are visualized with a surface rendering in (a) and net flow plotted in (b). The blood flow in the aorta was measured superior (solid red) and inferior (dashed red) to the renal arteries (blue) to demonstrate internal consistencies with flow measurements. The same dataset is reconstructed at a 3.9-s temporal resolution. The signal enhancement curves are plotted in (c) and the dynamics are highlighted in the left kidney in (d). From this dataset, a glomerular filtration rate map is generated and displayed in (e).