Table 4.

What women wished they had done themselves to prevent the traumatic childbirth in descending order of frequency and stratified by parity. Participants could choose and rank multiple answers, with a maximum of three

Answer given	n	%	Primiparous	Multiparous	p value
Nothing	677	37.0%	501 (34.7%)	170 (45.6%)	0.00 *
Ask for certain actions/interventions	491	26.9%	400 (27.7%)	89 (23.9%)	0.14
Refuse certain actions/interventions	302	16.5%	252 (17.4%)	49 (13.1%)	0.05 *
Be (better) prepared	293	16.0%	254 (17.6%)	38 (10.2%)	0.00 *
Remain (more) calm/accept	266	14.6%	214 (14.8%)	50 (13.4%)	0.49
Make a (better) birth plan	243	13.3%	211 (14.6%)	32 (8.6%)	0.00 *
Ask support from partner	168	9.2%	142 (9.8%)	26 (7.0%)	0.09
Other
Be assertive/express myself/remain in charge	91	5.0%	71 (4.9%)	19 (5.1%)	0.89
Make different choices in caregiver	62	3.4%	41 (2.8%)	21 (5.6%)	0.01 *
Other answers	55	3.0%	27 (3.9%)	9 (5.1%)	0.50

^*Significant at p ≤ 0.05