Table 2.
Comparisons Between Children with a Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder Diagnosis at Age 6 and No Psychiatric Diagnosis at Age 9, Children with a Non-Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder Diagnosis at Age 6 and No Psychiatric at Age 9, and Children with No Psychiatric Diagnoses at Ages 6 or 9
| Age 9 variable | Age 6 DMDD and no age 9 diagnosis (n = 19) | Age 6 non-DMDD diagnosis and no age 9 diagnosis (n = 44) | No age 6 diagnosis and no age 9 diagnosis (n = 266) | Group comparison statistic |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Child mean age in years (SD) | 9.33 (0.49) | 9.18 (0.42) | 9.18 (0.36) | F(2, 326) = 1.36 |
| Child female sex, n (%) | 10 (52.6) | 22 (50.0) | 130 (48.9) | χ2(2) = 0.112 |
| At least one parent with a 4-year college degree, n (%) | 10 (52.6) | 26 (59.1) | 188 (70.7) | χ2(2) = 4.92a |
| Race White, n (%) | 17 (89.5) | 40 (90.9) | 240 (90.2) | χ2(2) = 0.035 |
| Mean child psychopathology and functioning (SD) | ||||
| K-SADS DMDD Symptoms | 1.05 (1.65)e | 0.52 (1.15)e | 0.23 (0.88)e | F(2, 36.51)d = 3.37b |
| K-SADS Depression Symptoms | 0.74 (1.73) | 0.43 (1.22) | 0.74 (1.73) | F(2, 37.28)d = 0.85 |
| K-SADS Anxiety Symptoms | 3.32 (3.46)e,f | 3.45 (4.03)e | 1.82 (2.79)f | F(2, 37.45)d = 4.71b |
| K-SADS ADHD Symptoms | 3.26 (4.79) | 2.86 (5.82) | 1.70 (4.16) | F(2, 37.88)d = 1.63 |
| K-SADS DBD Symptoms | 2.21 (2.72)e | 0.98 (1.56)e,f | 0.49 (1.66)f | F(2, 38.15)d = 5.08b |
| Children's Global Assessment Scale | 75.79 (7.86)e | 80.18 (8.83)e,f | 83.16 (8.64)f | F(2, 325) = 8.06c |
Non-DMDD diagnoses include any depressive disorder, any anxiety disorder, ADHD, or ODD.
p < 0.10; bp < 0.05; cp < 0.001.
Welch's adjusted F value reported.
Means with differing superscript letters e,f within rows are significantly different at the p < 0.05 based on Games-Howell post hoc comparisons for Welch's adjusted F-test or Tukey post hoc comparisons for ANOVA F-test.
ADHD, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; ANOVA, analysis of variance; DBDs, disruptive behavior disorders; DMDD, disruptive mood dysregulation disorder; K-SADS, Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia; ODD, oppositional defiant disorder; SD, standard deviation.